Expansion and the Mexican American War

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Presentation transcript:

Expansion and the Mexican American War APUSH chapter 13.2

Manifest Destiny

Expansion 1840-46 What lands were acquired between 1840 and 1846? Webster-Ashburton Treaty 1842 Settled border b/w Maine & New Brunswick (Canada) Annexation of Texas 1845 Originally proposed by Tyler Pushed through by Polk Controversy? Slavery Oregon Joint occ. w/ Britain since 1818 “54-40’ or fight!” Negotiate – 49th parallel Brits leave Several conspiracies to annex Mexico, Cuba, parts of Central America None materialize Why not Canada?

Mexican War 1846-8 Origins: Beginnings: US and Polk wanted Mexican land Mexico suspicious of US (meddling w/ Texas?) Beginnings: Polk send Gen. Zachary Taylor to Nueces River Slidell to buy Cali. And NM from Mexico Mexico rejects offer Polk instigates war Taylor crosses Nueces River into Mexican(?) territory Mexico attacks US forces

Mexican War 1846-8 Controversy: War Slavery? Spot resolution – introduced by Abraham Lincoln in House of Reps. Asked Polk to provide exact spots on US soil where American blood was shed War Top US generals: Taylor and Winfield Scott During fighting, Stephen Kearny “liberates” New Mex. Fremont and supporters declare California ind. Nation Winfield Scott takes Vera Cruz, then Mexico city Many Civil War generals get first experience in Mex. War

John C Fremont won in California The disputed area of Texas Zachary Taylor won in northern Mexico Stephen Kearney captured New Mexico Winfield Scott captured Mexico City

Not everyone supported the Mexican-American War Whigs opposed it Northerners saw it as a Southern “slave-power” plot to extend slavery

Mexican War Aftermath Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo: Wilmot Proviso US gets disputed Texas area, Cali., NM New Mexico includes present states of NM, AZ, Nevada, Utah, parts of Colorado & Wyoming Wilmot Proviso Proposes banning slavery in ALL territory gained from Mexican War (except Texas) Defeated, but ignites controversy

More land!!! Gadsden Purchase – 1853 US buys more land in SW from Mexico Mex. Doesn’t want another war

Go West! What drives many Americans west after 1848? California Gold Rush Sutter’s Mill (CA) 1848 People head west for the next year (49ers) How does west change? Population shifts westward Urbanization of west (San Francisco) Immigrant groups Esp. Chinese Increase of non-agriculture business in west Mining Businesses to support mining Saloons, boarding houses, laundry services, outfitters Levi-Strauss