Section 13-3 & 13-4 “Energy & Food Chains ”

Fill in the top part first. Producers Photosynthesis: Chemosynthesis: Consumers

Producers provide energy for other organisms in an ecosystem. Producers get their energy from non-living resources (like the sun). Producers are also called autotrophs because they make their own food (“auto” means “self”).

Section 13.3 KEY CONCEPT: Life in an ecosystem requires a source of energy. Producers provide energy for other organisms in an ecosystem get their energy from non-living resources (like the sun). autotrophs make their own food

Almost all producers obtain energy from sunlight. Photosynthesis in most producers uses sunlight as an energy source. (plants do this) Chemosynthesis in prokaryote producers uses chemicals as an energy source. carbon dioxide + water + hydrogen sulfide + oxygen sugar + sulfuric acid

in which carbohydrates are formed, energy is obtained from chemicals process in which carbohydrates are formed, energy is obtained from sunlight in which carbohydrates are formed, energy is obtained from chemicals Process in which carbohydrates are formed PRODUCERS Begin food chain

Consumers are organisms that get their energy by eating other living things. (or dead things that used to be alive) Consumers are also called heterotrophs because they feed off of different things. (“hetero” means “different)

are organisms that get their energy by eating other living things heterotrophs Consumers they feed off of different things

Section 13.4 KEY CONCEPT: Food chains and food webs model the flow of energy in an ecosystem.

A food chain is a model that shows a sequence of feeding relationships. A food chain follows the connection between one producer and a single chain of consumers within an ecosystem. DESERT COTTONTAIL GRAMA GRASS HARRIS’S HAWK

Fill in from next slide set

Consumers are not all alike. Herbivores eat only plants. 2. Carnivores eat only animals. 3. Omnivores eat both plants and animals. 4. Detritivores eat dead organic matter. 5. Decomposers are detritivores that break down organic matter into simpler compounds.

Scorpion Fern mushrooms Pill bugs (isopods) From the pictures below on your power notes write the name of the organism and then decide which of the 5 types of consumer it could be. Scorpion Fern mushrooms Pill bugs (isopods) Raccoon Cow

Detritivores Not a consumer! Plants are producers. Carnivore Scorpion Check your answers: From the pictures below on the back of your power notes write the name of the organism and then decide which of the 5 types of consumer it could be. Not a consumer! Plants are producers. Carnivore Scorpion Fern mushrooms mushrooms Decomposer Pill bugs (isopods) Detritivores Omnivore Raccoon Herbivore Cow

Specialists are consumers that primarily eat one specific organism or a very small number of organisms. Generalists are consumers that have a varying diet.

Primary consumers are herbivores that eat producers. Trophic levels are the nourishment levels in a food chain. Primary consumers are herbivores that eat producers. Secondary consumers are carnivores that eat herbivores. Tertiary consumers are carnivores that eat secondary consumers. Omnivores, such as humans that eat both plants and animals, may be listed at different trophic levels in different food chains.

The mouse is going into the snakes mouth Food Chains: Notice the arrow points toward the animal that is doing the eating (the eater) The mouse is going into the snakes mouth The snake is going into the fox’s mouth

Now Draw your Own Food Chain on the power notes The organisms you will use are: grass, grasshopper, bird, hawk Label the organism type (primary consumer, etc.)

How many trophic levels? Food Chain Primary Consumer Secondary Consumer Tertiary Consumer Producer How many trophic levels? 4

A food web shows a complex network of feeding relationships. An organism may have multiple feeding relationships in an ecosystem. A food web emphasizes complicated feeding relationships and energy flow in an ecosystem.

Food WEB – notice all the different arrows

A food web shows a complex network of feeding relationships

Fill in power notes from drawing which would be found on page 410 Producers – creates own food Primary consumers are herbivores that eat producers. Secondary consumers are carnivores that eat herbivores. Tertiary consumers are carnivores that eat secondary consumers. Phytoplankton Algae Zooplankton Sea turtle Shrimp Parrot fish Jellyfish Trigger fish Sea sponge Reef Shark

a complex network of feeding relationships Add arrows Phytoplankton Algae Zooplankton Sea turtle Shrimp Parrot fish Jellyfish Trigger fish Sea sponge Reef Shark

Phytoplankton algae Reef Shark Zooplankton Sea turtle shrimp Parrot fish Jellyfish Trigger fish Sea sponge Reef Shark