Review of plant reproduction

Most flowers have 4 basic parts. petals Pistil (Female) Stamen (male) sepals

Some floral structures are not needed for reproduction. sepals leaf-like structures which protect the flower before blooming petals Colorful to attract pollinators such as insects, birds, etc.

Some floral structures are essential for reproduction to occur. pistil female organ, produces egg(s) or ovules stamens male organs, produce sperm in pollen grains (also called a gametophyte)

Pistils ( ) are made of 3 parts. stigma style Can also be Called the carpels ovary produces egg(s)

Stamens are made of 2 parts. anther produces pollen filament

When pollen lands on the stigma, this process is called pollination. Flowers can self-pollinate or cross pollinate

Fertilization occurs when the sperm reaches and unites with the egg. They become one new cell called a zygote. The zygote grows and develops into a seed. zygote zygote

The ovary grows into a protective fruit. This means that anything you eat with a seed(s) is a ripened ovary.

Fruits: Contain seeds Vegetables: Do not contain seeds

The stored food supply is referred to as an endosperm. Seed coat Embryo Stored food supply Seed Wing The stored food supply is referred to as an endosperm.

Dispersal Seeds need to be dispersed away from the parent plant to allow the new seed a chance at surviving without having to compete for resources like water, nutrients, sunlight.

Dispersal of seeds by wind

Dispersal of seeds by water

Dispersal of seeds by bursting

Dispersal of seeds by animal