Knee effusion affects knee mechanics and muscle activity during gait in individuals with knee osteoarthritis D.J. Rutherford, C.L. Hubley-Kozey, W.D.

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Knee effusion affects knee mechanics and muscle activity during gait in individuals with knee osteoarthritis D.J. Rutherford, C.L. Hubley-Kozey, W.D. Stanish Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Volume 20, Issue 9, Pages 974-981 (September 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.05.014 Copyright © 2012 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 (A) Ensemble-averaged sagittal plane knee angles. A positive value indicates KF. (B) Net external sagittal plane moments of force for individuals. A positive value indicates a net external KF moment and a negative value indicates a net external extension moment. Knee effusion (dotted) and without knee effusion (solid). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2012 20, 974-981DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2012.05.014) Copyright © 2012 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Ensemble-averaged electromyograms of (A) LG, (B) MG, (C) VL, (D) VM, (E) RF, (F) lateral hamstrings, (G) medial hamstrings for individuals with effusion (dotted) and without knee effusion (solid). Percent MVIC is on the y-axis and percent of gait cycle on the x-axis. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2012 20, 974-981DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2012.05.014) Copyright © 2012 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions