AQA A Level History Paper 1C The Tudors: England 1485-1603 Click to play Pastime With Good Company by Henry VIII Henry VIII

The aim of this lesson is to answer these questions: What sort of leader was the young king Henry VIII? What were his first actions on becoming king? How did he continue his father’s legacy, and how did he depart from it? Historians understand the past by asking questions.

Quiz

Henry VII’s legacy Read source I (Ferriby p.34). List Henry VII’s achievements. Add any others you can think of. Explain how they would strengthen the position of the new king, Henry VIII. Add any problems Henry VII left his son.

Henry VII’s legacy: positives Strong and stable local and central government. Full treasury with £250,000 in jewels and plate, and an income of £133,000 p.a. Flourishing trade and merchant class. Nobles under control and no longer a threat to the king/law and order. Good relations with the Church. Peace-oriented foreign policy, including alliance with Spain.

Henry VII’s legacy: negatives His financial policies had caused great resentment amongst his subjects, especially the nobility. The Pope had granted permission for Henry to marry Catherine of Aragon to preserve England’s alliance with Spain. However, after seven years, Catherine was still in England and the marriage hadn’t taken place. Henry was only 17 when he inherited the throne – the age of majority was 21.

Henry’s first actions Read “First decisions of Henry VIII” (Ferriby pp.41-2). Which actions by Henry continued his father’s legacy? How did he discontinue it? Find out more about chivalry: http://www.intriguing-history.com/the-cult-of-chivalry/

Henry continued his father’s legacy by: Re-appointing his father’s privy councillors, e.g. Thomas Lovell - Chancellor of the Exchequer Richard Fox (Bishop of Winchester) -Lord Privy Seal) William Warham (Archbishop of Canterbury) - Lord Chancellor Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey – Earl Marshall Securing the Anglo-Spanish alliance by marrying Catherine of Aragon.

Henry discontinued his father’s legacy by: Executing Richard Empson and Edmund Dudley (1510) and abolishing the Council Learned in Law. Cancelling 175 bonds and recognisances. Pursuing an aggressive foreign policy and reviving the English monarchy’s claim to France.

Chivalry How did the cult of chivalry influence Henry’s marriage? foreign policy?

Court and nobility Using Ferriby p.43: How different were the courts of Henry VII and Henry VIII? How different was their treatment of the nobility? Using the internet: Extension activity: how did Henry increase the number and quality of royal residences?

20 Style of Government Using Ferriby pp.44-5, add notes to the diagram on your handout explaining how Henry governed, and indicating any similarities to/differences from his father. Include notes on the role played by: JPs and new men Privy Chamber Privy Council Important Advisers Henry himself Diagram from Rogerson p.95

Early foreign policy: France 10 Early foreign policy: France Using “Relations with France” (Ferriby p.45): Summarise how Henry’s foreign policy towards France differed from his father’s. What were Henry VIII’s aims? How did Thomas Wolsey help him achieve them?

Early foreign policy: Scotland 10 Early foreign policy: Scotland Using “Relations with Scotland” (Ferriby p.45): Why did war with France lead to war with Scotland? What were the consequences for England? What were the consequences for Scotland?