copyright cmassengale Study of Biology copyright cmassengale
What is Biology? Biology is the study of all living things Living things are called organisms
All Living Things Share Common Characteristics Cells Reproduce Genetic Code (DNA) Grow & Develop copyright cmassengale
Common Characteristics Obtain & Use Materials & Energy Respond To Their Environment Maintain A Stable Internal Environment AS A GROUP, Living Things Evolve, That Is They Change Over Time copyright cmassengale
Characteristics of Organisms copyright cmassengale
All Organisms are made of Cells copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Facts About Cells Cells are the smallest living unit All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane that controls what enters & leaves the cell copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale More Cell Facts Cells are complex & highly organized Cells have parts called organelles that do different jobs copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale More Cell Facts The simplest cells are called Prokaryotes DO NOT have a nucleus Bacteria are examples copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale More Cell Facts Complex cells are called Eukaryotes These cells DO have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles copyright cmassengale
Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cells Unicellular Organisms One Cell Multicellular Organisms Many, Specialized Cells copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Organisms Reproduce copyright cmassengale
Two Types of Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Involves 2 parents Egg fertilized by sperm to make a ZYGOTE Offspring DIFFERENT from parents copyright cmassengale
Two Types of Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Involves a single organism or cell Cell divides Offspring IDENTICAL to parent copyright cmassengale
Cells Have a Genetic Code copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Genetic Code DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) carries the genetic code for all organisms All organisms contain DNA DNA codes for the proteins that make up cells & do all the work copyright cmassengale
Organisms Grow & Develop copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Growth & Development Organisms grow by producing MORE CELLS & by cell ENLARGEMENT Organisms develop as they mature into an adult organism copyright cmassengale
Cells Require Food & Energy copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Metabolism Sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism All require energy Sunlight is the ultimate energy for life on Earth copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Metabolism Cellular Respiration Cells releasing the chemical energy stored in foods 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O copyright cmassengale
Organisms Respond to Stimuli (Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc.) In Order To Survive & Reproduce copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Homeostasis Keeping The Internal Environment (Homeostasis) Of The Cell or Organism Within The Ranges Required For Life Stable internal conditions of pH, temperature, water balance, etc. copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Living Things Evolve Groups Of Organisms (Not Individuals) Change Over Time In Order To Survive Within Changing Environments. Fossil records show changes in groups of organisms copyright cmassengale
Life is Organized on Several Levels copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Levels Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells – life starts here Tissues Organs System Organism copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale Levels Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale
copyright cmassengale