Legal Aid Society of Metropolitan Family Services Human Trafficking What is it? Where is it happening? What can I do to stop it? Miguel C. Keberlein Gutiérrez | Executive Director Legal Aid Society of Metropolitan Family Services Phone: 312.986.4180 | keberleinm@metrofamily.org One North Dearborn, Suite 1000 | Chicago, IL 60602 https://www.metrofamily.org/legal-aid/ 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Farmworker Rights 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Farmworker Rights There is almost no food we eat in the United States that is not first touched by the hands of farmworkers. We are the most wealthy and best fed nation on earth. 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Farmworker Rights Timeline of Historical Events Creating our Modern-day Agricultural System 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Farmworker Rights 1860s – 1960s 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Farmworker Rights 1960s - Today Coalition of Immokalee Workers: http://www.ciw-online.org/about/ Cesar Chavez: http://www.history.com/topics/cesar-chavez Harvest of Shame: http://www.npr.org/2014/05/31/317364146/in-confronting-poverty-harvest-of-shame-reaped-praise-and-criticism 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Farmworker Rights 1960s - Today 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Farmworker Rights Traditional Migrant Seasonal H2A Guest Worker 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Farmworkers in Illinois Farmworker Rights Farmworkers in Illinois 75,000 at peak time in July Isolated, under the radar Wide range of agricultural activities Hispanic, monolingual Detasseling corn About ½ undocumented Fruits and vegetables Fewer legal rights Tobacco Very high incidents of injury Flowers Growing number are guest workers – H2A Meatpacking, canneries Landscaping Children allowed to work Poorly compensated, need SNAP 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Farmworker Rights Legal Issues Wage theft Isolated Human trafficking (modern-day slavery) Under-educated – 6th grade average Fewer worker protections Lack of quality housing Workplace sexual violence Exposure to highly dangerous pesticides No access to daily resources Horrendous workplace conditions Very little quality oversight from govt. Cycle of poverty Lack of healthcare 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

https://icert.doleta.gov/ Farmworker Rights https://icert.doleta.gov/ 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Human Trafficking 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Human Trafficking Human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act. 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Human Trafficking 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Recruit Harbor Transport Provide Obtain a person through the use of Force Fraud Coercion for the purpose of subjection to Involuntary servitude Peonage Debt bondage = Labor Trafficking Recruit Harbor Transport Provide Obtain a person through the use of Force Fraud Coercion for the purpose of Commercial Sex Act No FFC if under the age of 18 = Sex Trafficking 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Human Trafficking Who are the Victims? Who is at Risk? Trafficking victims can be any age, race, gender, or nationality Trafficking victims can be men or women, young or old, American or from abroad, with or without legal status Traffickers prey on victims with little or no social safety net They look for victims who are vulnerable because of their illegal immigration status, limited English proficiency, and those who may be in vulnerable situations due to economic hardship, political instability, natural disasters, or other causes 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Human Trafficking How do I Identify Human Trafficking? Human trafficking is often “hidden in plain sight” There are a number of red flags, or indicators, which can help alert you to human trafficking Recognizing the signs is the first step in identifying victims 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Human Trafficking Behavior or Physical State: Does the victim act fearful, anxious, depressed, submissive, tense, or nervous/paranoid? Does the victim defer to another person to speak for him or her? Does the victim show signs of physical and/or sexual abuse, physical restraint, confinement, or torture? Has the victim been harmed or deprived of food, water, sleep, medical care, or other life necessities? Does the victim have few or no personal possessions? 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Human Trafficking Social Behavior Can the victim freely contact friends or family? Is the victim allowed to socialize or attend religious services? Does the victim have freedom of movement? Has the victim or family been threatened with harm if the victim attempts to escape? 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Human Trafficking Cases in the Midwest H2A Visa holder recruited from Mexico, threatened when he complained about work conditions. Not given water on hot day and dies in the fields. Authorities told he ran off the job. Body recovered 50 days later. 17-year-old female from upper middle class family begins modeling career; Manager begins forcing her into selling sex on different shoots and threatens to do harm to her younger siblings and expose her to her school and family friends if she complains. 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event Human Trafficking Cases in the Midwest 4 men recruited at homeless shelter to work construction. Forced to live in a shipping container and severely beaten if they try to escape. Worked 14-16 hour days and paid less than $4 per day. High school basketball player from Senegal recruited to come live with a family, go to school, and play basketball. Forced to sleep on concrete floor of garage and given very little food or water. Family in Senegal threatened if player doesn’t sign with certain school and agency. 2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

2018 Joint CIG Dissemination Event

Legal Aid Society of Metropolitan Family Services https://www.facebook.com/MetroFamChicago https://twitter.com/metrofamchicago/ https://www.instagram.com/metrofamchicago/ Miguel C. Keberlein Gutiérrez | Executive Director Legal Aid Society of Metropolitan Family Services Phone: 312.986.4180 | keberleinm@metrofamily.org One North Dearborn, Suite 1000 | Chicago, IL 60602 https://www.metrofamily.org/legal-aid/