Bellringer Complete the anticipation guide at your desk. You have 5 minutes

Benchmark SC.8.E.5.9 C – voice level 0 H – raise hand for teacher response A – guided notes M – NONE (no restroom passes or water) P – independent Benchmark SC.8.E.5.9 Explain the impact of objects in space on each other including: 1. The Sun on the Earth including seasons and gravitational attraction 2. The Moon on the Earth, including phases, tides, and eclipses, and the relative position of each body. Essential Question: What is the impact of the Sun and Earth's gravity on the Moon and its orbit? What causes the Moon to have a different appearance each night?  How does our view of the Moon from Earth relate to its position in space? 2

Round and Round They Go! How are Earth, the moon, and the sun related in space? Earth spins on its axis and orbits around the sun. A body that orbits a larger body is called a satellite. Smaller bodies that travel around planets are natural satellites called moons. 4

How are Earth, the moon, and the sun related in space? Gravity is the force that pulls all bodies that have mass toward other objects. Earth’s gravitational pull on the moon keeps the moon in orbit, forming the Earth-moon system. The distance between Earth and the moon is roughly 383,000 km (238,000 mi). 5

What does the moon look like from Earth? The moon is only visible from Earth when it reflects sunlight. Only one side of the moon, often called the near side, faces Earth. The moon rotates once on its axis for every 28.5 days it takes to revolve around Earth. 6

What does the moon look like from Earth? Why do you always see the same side of the moon? 7

It’s Just a Phase! How does the appearance of the moon change? As the moon revolves around Earth, the portion of the moon that reflects sunlight back to Earth changes. The lunar phases are changes in the moon’s appearance due to its position in orbit around Earth. 8

How does the appearance of the moon change? Lunar phases cycle monthly and begin with a new moon. The new moon is hard to see because Earth, the moon, and the sun are lined up, making the moon unlit. As the moon moves in its orbit, a crescent shape grows larger. 9

How does the appearance of the moon change? The moon waxes, or grows until half of the near side is in sunlight. This is the first quarter. The gibbous phase is when the near side is more than half-lit but not fully lit. When the moon is fully lit, it is called a full moon. 10

How does the appearance of the moon change? The lit portion of the moon shrinks, or wanes, during the third week of the cycle. When the near side is only half-lit in sunlight, it is three-quarters through the cycle. The phase is called the third quarter. 11

How does the appearance of the moon change? When the moon is seen as waning crescent shapes, the cycle is almost complete. When the moon is again unlit as a new moon, the cycle is complete. 12

Station Rotations Station 3: Achieve 3000 Station 4: Card Sort C – Voice level 1 or 2 H – 3 b4 me; raise hand and wait for teacher response A – station rotation M – minimal P – independent or actively participating with group Station 1: Penda - Sun, Earth and Moon Earth’s Heat Flow Station 2 : Model Investigation Model the phases of the moon Station 3: Achieve 3000 “The Cold, Cold Moon” Station 4: Card Sort

Exit Ticket Answer each question on the back of your notecard. You will have 2 minutes per question

Which diagram shows the relative positions of Earth (E), the sun (S), and the moon (M) during a full moon?  [Note: Diagrams are not drawn to scale.]. A. B. C. D. 1.

2. The moon orbits the Earth about every A. 28 days B. 31 days C. 24 days D. 60 days 2.

The diagram models Earth and the moon in two positions of its orbit The diagram models Earth and the moon in two positions of its orbit. The arrows indicate the direction of light from the sun. Identify what phase of the moon will be seen from Earth when the moon is in position z Describe or draw what that phase looks like from Earth. Indicate in your description or drawing what portion of the moon is lit or is not lit. 3.