• Developed the Inner Conflict Approach • Concluded that conscious thoughts make up small part of mind. • Most deep thoughts, & urges are pushed into the unconscious part of the mind.

Inner Conflict Approach Conscious thoughts make up small part of mind. Most deep thoughts, & urges are pushed into the subconscious part of the mind. Mind has three basic psychological structures

The Id wants things now. Represents basic drives such as hunger, thirst, sex. Id wants instant gratification with no concern of rules, laws, etc. Present at birth

Develops throughout childhood Moral principle Acts as a conscience, & floods the ego with shame & guilt.

“The ego stands for reason & good sense” Freud Guided by the reality principle. Ego must balance the Id & the Super Ego to provide healthy mental thought.

Ego protects itself via Defense Mechanisms When the inner war gets out of hand, the result is Anxiety Ego protects itself via Defense Mechanisms B. Defense Mechanisms - methods the ego uses to avoid recognizing ideas or emotions that may cause personal anxiety

Removes anxiety causing ideas by pushing them into the unconscious. 1. Repression Removes anxiety causing ideas by pushing them into the unconscious. Keeps the lid on the kettle

2. Rationalization 3. Displacement Distortion of anxious ideas or thoughts. The use of self-deception to justify unacceptable behavior or ideas 3. Displacement The transfer of an idea or impulse from a threatening or unsuitable object to a less threatening one.

4. Regression 5. Projection • Return to a behavior that is a characteristic of an earlier stage of life. 5. Projection • People see their own faults in other people. Ex. Mean people may be unable to see themselves as mean, but they project a mean image on others & perceive their surroundings as dangerous.

6. Denial 7. Reaction Formation • Refusing to accept the reality of anything bad or upsetting. Ex. Smokers may deny the threat of lung cancer. 7. Reaction Formation • Act opposite of their true feelings in order to hide true feelings. Ex. Being mean or picking on someone you actually like.

8. Sublimation • Channeling basic impulses into socially acceptable behavior Ex. a hostile student may channel their aggressive impulses into football.

9. Compensation • Striving to make up for unconscious impulses or fears Ex. Business executive’s extreme competitiveness might be aimed at compensating for unconscious feeling of inferiority.