LV envelope is responsible for DC activation.

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LV envelope is responsible for DC activation. LV envelope is responsible for DC activation. (A) Schematic of components of LV and VLPs. (B) Western blot analysis for GFP, VSV-G, and p24 on LV and VLP lysates. (C) Western blot analysis detecting OVA in the lysate of the following SVGmu-pseudotyped vectors: LV carrying OVA (LV-OVA), VLP carrying OVA (VLP-OVA), and VLP-carrying OVA deficient of gag (VLP-OVAΔgag). Vectors were treated or not treated with proteinase K, which was inactivated with PMSF before vector lysis. To verify whether proteinase K degradation was effective, we used soluble OVA as a control. (D and E) Mouse BMDCs were treated with VSV-G or SVGmu-pseudotyped LVs and VLPs and then analyzed at 24 hours for GFP, CD86, and I-Ab expression by flow cytometry (D) and for the amount of IL-6 and IL-12/23 in the cell supernatant by ELISA (E). (F) Human moDCs were treated with LV-GFP(V) or VLP carrying GFP deficient of gag [VLP-GFPΔgag(V)] and analyzed at 24 hours for GFP, CD86, and human MHC II molecule human lymphocyte antigen-D–related (HLA-DR) expression by flow cytometry. Data are representative of three (B and C) or two (D to F) independent experiments. Results are shown as mean ± SEM. P > 0.05; **P < 0.005; ***P < 0.001 (unpaired Student’s t test). Jocelyn T. Kim et al. Sci. Immunol. 2017;2:eaal1329 Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works