Enlightenment vs. Romanticism

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Presentation transcript:

Enlightenment vs. Romanticism

Enlightenment vs. Romanticism Key Terms: Neoclassicism Western movements in visual arts, literature, theater, music, and architecture drawing inspiration from “classical art” and the Ancient Greek and Roman culture Enlightenment Philosophical movement in 17th/18th Europe; known as the Age of Enlightenment or Age of reason Emphasis on rationalism

Enlightenment/Neoclassical Period (1600s-1750s) Intellectual Awakening Challenged authority Religious Political Embraced “deism” Scientific inquiry Investigation Experiement

Enlightenment/Neoclassical Period (1600s-1750s) Intellectual Awakening Francois Marius Granet- Ingres Reason Intellect Knowledge Order History held in high regard- (Greek & Roman) Scientists, Philosophers, Writers, & Inventors Issac Newton (laws of motion) John Locke Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Franklin Patrick Henry (Greek reference) Portrait of Alphonse Leroy- Jacques Louis David

Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Period The Oath of Hiratii- David Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Period Death of Socrates- David Experience Truth- study the past Balance Order Restraint of emotion

Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Period Life, Liberty, and Property (John Locke) Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness (Jefferson) Founding Fathers- Deism (clockmaker) Belief in supreme being, who remains unknowable/untouchable “clockmaker God” = universe moves forward w/out God’s supervision Government Architecture Both Greek & Roman (domes, columns, and democracy)

Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Pendulum Swing Enlightenment/ Neoclassical Romanticism Revolt against aristocratic society/politics in terms of Age of Enlightenment Reaction against scientific rationalization of nature Almost complete opposite philosophy

Dualists- reality subsists in both thought and matter Epistemology- study of knowledge; where it comes from, its limitations, and how it is acquired Enlightenment A posteriori Only knowable with experience (dependent) Ex. All crows are black. Materialists- reality subsists in matter Romanticism A priori Knowable without experience (independent) Ex. All crows are birds. Idealists- reality subsists in thought Dualists- reality subsists in both thought and matter

Romanticism (1750s-late 1800s) Individual Personal Concentration on the genius, hero, artist Senses over intellect; Emotions over reason Imaginative & Creative Sentimental Wanderer- Friedrich

Romanticism Beauty of Nature Experience of spiritual truth Inspiration The Solitary Tree, Friedrich Beauty of Nature Experience of spiritual truth Inspiration Visionary Mysterious Spontaneous Folk culture Exotic origins Couple gazing at the moon- Friedrich George Caleb Bingham Fur Traders Decending the Missouri, 1845

Romanticism-Two Sides Transcendentalism Simple life Close relationship to nature Self-reliance and individualism Inherent goodness of people Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau American Gothic People not always good Human capacity for evil Explored human psychology & motivation Edgar Allen Poe Nathaniel Hawthorne Kindred Spirits- Asher B. Durand The Visage of War- Salvador Dali