GOVERNING THE NEW NATION CHAPTER 7 SECTION 1 GOVERNING THE NEW NATION

GOVERNMENT BY THE STATES Constitution : a document stating the rules under which government will operate. Legislature: part of government that makes laws. Its members are elected by the people. Bill of Rights: a list of key freedoms government must respect. COLONIST DID NOT TRUST THE KINGS LOYALIST GOVERNORS NEW STATE CONSTITUTIONS LIMITED THE POWER OF THE GOVERNORS Parliament, which was part of the central government, exerted power over the elected colonial legislatures Changed in new Constitution Voting : More people were allowed to vote. BUT states still required that only white male propriety owners were allowed to vote. Individual rights: protected in several states’ BILL of RIGHTS

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT UNDER THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION GOVERNMENT CHARACTERISTICS UNICAMERAL LEGISLATURE EACH STATE HAD ONLY ONE VOTE. 9 OF THE 13 STATES HAD TO APPROVE A LAW. NO EXECUTIVE – PRESIDENT NO JUDICIAL – COURT SYSTEM LEGISLATIVE POWERS LIMITED TO: POWER TO DEAL WITH Native Americans and foreign nations Power to make laws, declare war, coin and borrow money, run a postal service WEAKNESS OF THE CONFEDERATION CONGRESS NO POWER TO TAX NO COURT SYSTEM TO ENFORCE LAWS WORTHLESS CONTINENTAL MONEY NO CONTROL OVER INDIVIDUAL CITIZENS AND LITTLE CONTROL OVER STATES COULD NOT CONTROL TRADE BETWEEN STATES COULD NOT STOP REBELLIONS LIKE SHAY’S REBELLION OR REMOVE THE BRITISH FROM WESTERN FORTS **** no money for the military***

NORTHWEST ORDINANCE OF 1787 WESTERN LANDS - One of the few successes of the Articles of Confederation LAND WEST OF APPALACHIANS WERE CLAIMED BY ALL OF THE 13 STATES WITH VIRGINIA CLAIMING THE MOST LAND. Maryland refuse to sign the Articles of Confederation until Virginia gave up it’s claim. ALL WESTERN LAND WERE TURN OVER TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT LAND ORDINANCE OF 1785 NORTHWEST ORDINANCE OF 1787 WAS A METHOD OF ORDERLY SETTLING NORTHWEST TERRITORY It was a law that made provisions for governing the Northwest Territory LAND WOULD BE DIVIDED INTO TOWNSHIPS OF 6 MILES SQUARE 36 SECTION OF 1 MILE SQUARE (640 ACRES) THE LAND WAS TO BE SOLD FOR $1 AN ACRE OR MORE. ONE SECTION IN EACH TOWNSHIP WOULD BE SET ASIDE FOR EDUCATION. THIS WAS THE FIRST NATIONAL LAW IN SUPPORT OF EDUCATION Congress appointed a governor and 3 judges to rule the territories. Five states were to come for the territory With 5000 people the territory could elect a legislature. With 60,000 people the territory could write a state constitution and apply for statehood States must be a republic, have no slaves, and guarantee freedom of religion and jury trials

Growing problems for the new nation FAILURE TO REGULATE TRADE BETWEEN STATES WORTHLESS CONTINENTAL DOLLARS ECONOMIC PROBLEMS NO POWER TO TAX ECONOMIC DEPRESSION DUE TO LACK OF TRADE THE U.S. WAS SEEN AS WEAK FOREIGN AFFAIRS BRITISH STILL IN FORTS IN THE NORTHWEST SPAIN REFUSE SETTLERS THE USE OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND PORT OF NEW ORLEANS ECONOMIC DEPRESSION CAUSE FARMERS IN MASS. TO LOSE THEIR FARMS. COULD NOT PAY TAXES. SHAY’S REBELLION People became afraid and wanted a stronger central government DANIEL SHAY LEAD A REVOLT TO KEEP THEIR FARMS. He fail and was arrested