Major literary elements within the Irony unit: Concepts in irony Major literary elements within the Irony unit: Situational Irony Dramatic Irony Verbal Irony Paradox Incongruity Write down your own definition of each of these terms. What do you think the definitions are?

What Do You Think You Know? Activate some prior and background knowledge Label a sheet of paper 1-10 & give each picture a title Label each picture in the following slides as either: Situational Irony Dramatic Irony Verbal Irony Paradox ELEMENTS WILL BE USED MORE THAN ONCE!

Oh, Crud! Can You Name This Lit. Element? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 1.

Is This Lit Element Making You Stop DEAD In Your Tracks? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 2.

POST your thoughts about this one: Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 3.

What’s The LIMIT to Your Knowledge? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 4.

Which Element is most TEMPTING? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 5.

Don’t Let This Element ROLL Away From You! Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Don’t Let This Element ROLL Away From You! 6.

What Type of Lit Element Surrounds His World? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 7.

Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Who “NOSE” the Answer? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 8.

What The Devil Is Going On Here? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 9.

Don’t Run Away From This Lit Element! Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 10.

Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Think – Pair – Share Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Turn to the person sitting next to you Refine your definitions Go through the answers Come to a consensus

Irony- What Is It? Irony is a disagreement or INCONGRUITY (discrepancy, divergence, inconsistency ) between what is said and what is understood, or what is expected and what actually occurs. Irony can be used intentionally or can happen unintentionally.

Define That Term: Situational Irony: An outcome that turns out to be very different from what was expected for the reader and characters– the difference between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen A situation where the outcome is INCONGRUOUS with what was expected, but it is also more generally understood as a situation that includes contradictions or sharp contrast

Situational Irony: e.g., “The Necklace” Characters value superficiality Wife borrows necklace and loses it- borrows money to replace lost necklace and lies to friend Couple spends 20 years doing hard labor to pay for replaced diamond necklace 20 years later, wife runs into the woman who loaned her the necklace and she finds out the one she borrowed was a fake. We are just as surprised as the characters

Dramatic Irony: Involves the reader (or audience) knowing something about what's happening in the plot, about which the character(s) have no knowledge

“The Story of an Hour” Is it dramatic or situational irony? Define That Term: “The Story of an Hour” Is it dramatic or situational irony?

Dramatic Irony – Hamlet In Act 3, Scene 4, Hamlet is asked by his mother, Gertrude, to reveal what made him behave the way he did. Hamlet believes that Gertrude is truly having a heart to heart with him and really desires to put his troubles to ease. However, Hamlet does not know that Gertrude allows Polonius to hide being the arras to overhear their conversation for King Claudius. As the audience, we are aware that Polonius is in the room with Gertrude and Hamlet, but Hamlet is unaware of his presence. By arguing to Gertrude over her marriage to his uncle Claudius, Hamlet’s emotions of hate towards Claudius were beginning to boil and it was as if Hamlet would commit to anything under impulse. At this point, Hamlet is in complete control over Gertrude, using physical force to pressure her to admit her guilt. While still listening from being the arras, Polonius, believing that the Queen could be in danger, calls out for help. Tragically, as an audience, we know that Hamlet will act on impulse by confusing Polonius for Claudius.  Although Hamlet is unknown of the identity of the man hiding being the arras, he assumes it is Claudius and acts irrationally, killing Polonius. Even immediately after the incident, it is revealed that Hamlet was not sure that he had killed Claudius when he says “Is it the king?” (Act 3, Scene 4, Line 32). It is tragic that the dramatic irony of this scene made is predictable for the audience to determine Polonius’ fate. In this case, Polonius suffers for his mischief.

Dramatic Irony – Hamlet

Define That Term: Verbal Irony: A figure of speech where the speaker intends to be understood as meaning something that contrasts with the literal or usual meaning of what he says When what is said is opposite of what is meant Ex: Sarcasm NOTE: Most Verbal Irony works in the context of Situational Irony. The words said are only ironic because of the situation.

Verbal Irony

Define That Term: Paradox: A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth

Paradox:

“Relativity” M.C. Escher (1953)

Paradoxical Architecture in Inception

Oh, Crud! Can You Name This Lit. Element? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Dramatic Irony 1.

Is This Lit Element Making You Stop DEAD In Your Tracks? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Verbal Irony (within situational irony) 2.

POST your thoughts about this one: Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Situational Irony 3.

What’s The LIMIT to Your Knowledge? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Verbal Irony 4.

Which Element is most TEMPTING? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 5. Paradox

Don’t Let This Element ROLL Away From You! Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Don’t Let This Element ROLL Away From You! Situational Irony 6.

What Type of Lit Element Surrounds His World? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Situational Irony 7.

Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Who “NOSE” the Answer? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Paradox 8.

What The Devil Is Going On Here? Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox 9. Verbal Irony

Don’t Run Away From This Lit Element! Situational Irony, Dramatic Irony, Verbal Irony, Paradox Dramatic Irony 10.

Situational Irony– Against Expectation Vocab Recap: Situational Irony– Against Expectation Incongruity: a difference in a sequence of events and the norm/expectation Dramatic Irony– Audience Knows All Verbal Irony– Apart from Intended Meaning Paradox– Contradiction

Now what? When you read 1984 and our short pieces, look for these irony devices and consider how they affect the meaning of the work. (THERE ARE A LOT OF EXAMPLES IN 1984. Now let’s read “Ozymandias” and look for our irony devices.