Angiographic anatomy of the grafted left internal mammary artery Antonio M Calafiore, MD, Marco Contini, MD, Angela L Iacò, MD, Nicola Maddestra, MD, Leonardo Paloscia, MD, Teresa Iovino, MD, Michele Di Mauro, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 68, Issue 5, Pages 1636-1639 (November 1999) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00835-8
Fig 1 The left internal mammary artery, harvested through a median sternotomy, shows a new branch (A) that goes down to reach the epicardium near the anastomosis (B). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 1636-1639DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00835-8)
Fig 2 Common origin with the inferior thyroid artery and the suprascapular artery. The left internal mammary artery is harvested through a median sternotomy (A) and through a left anterior small thoracotomy (B). In B a lateral costal artery is present. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 1636-1639DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00835-8)
Fig 3 Presence of the lateral costal artery. The left internal mammary artery is harvested through a median sternotomy (A) and through a left anterior thoracotomy (B). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1999 68, 1636-1639DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00835-8)