Warm-Up: Fri 2/21 Write What You Know!

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Presentation transcript:

Warm-Up: Fri 2/21 Write What You Know! Write everything you know about the prompt below for five minutes, try for at least 3-4 complete sentences. Describe how low-viscosity magmas behave differently than high-viscosity magmas. What does viscosity even mean?

Eruption Notes 2/21/2014 Major Key Term Key Term definition in own words Key Term definition in own words facts pictures Key Term

Volcanic Eruptions What makes volcano go boom? Magma forms in asthenosphere (mantle) Hot molten material naturally rises, and great pressure underground forces magma up through mantle and crust through cracks Magma often gets trapped under layers of rock, forming a magma chamber If magma finds a weak spot, it can burn through and form a volcano!

Wait, what about the actual *boom*? gas pressure!!! magma has many dissolved gases mixed in to its “recipe” as magma rises through the surface, rock pressure decreases and gases expand force of expanding gases causes the magma to erupt from volcano magma minus escaped gases = lava

Types of Eruptions Quiet Eruption Low silica, low water, low viscosity magma erupts “quietly”, like Mt. Kilauea Gases in magma bubble out gently Lava oozes and flows out slowly and can travel for many kilometers

Types of Eruptions Explosive Eruption: High silica, high water, high viscosity erupts violently, like Mt. St. Helens “sticky” magma builds up in volcano until enormous pressure of trapped gases causes the entire mountain to explode! Pyroclastic Flow: a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders, and bombs that explodes out of a volcano

Life Cycle of a Volcano Active: a volcano that is erupting or shows signs it might erupt in the near future Dormant: not currently active, but may “awaken” in the future Extinct: a volcano unlikely to ever erupt again

Assignments Read Chapter 3.3: Volcanic Eruptions Complete Review 3.3 Worksheet Continue filling out “Properties of Magma” chart And . . . . . . . . .

Assignment: Volcano Anatomy vent, crater, pipe, side vent, lava flow, magma chamber (pg 93 in textbook)