Classification of Matter Matter Flowchart Pure Substances Mixtures

Can it be physically separated? Matter Flowchart MATTER yes no Can it be physically separated? MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE Is the composition uniform? no yes Can it be chemically decomposed? no yes Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element Colloids Suspensions

Pure Substances Element composed of identical atoms EX: copper wire, aluminum foil

Pure Substances Compound composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio properties differ from those of individual elements EX: table salt (NaCl)

Sodium & Chlorine Reaction

Mixtures Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. Mixtures can be separated by physical means. Heterogeneous Homogeneous

Mixtures Solution homogeneous very small particles particles don’t settle example: rubbing alcohol

Solutions A solution has two parts Solute: The substance being dissolved. Solvent: The substance that the solute dissolves into.

Distillation Distillation is often used to separate mixtures in solution.

Mixtures Colloid heterogeneous medium-sized particles particles don’t settle example: milk

Centrifuge Centrifuges are used to separate colloidal mixtures.

Tyndall Effect Solutions and Colloids can be differentiated by shining a light through them. The particles in a colloid will scatter the light allowing you to see the beam.

Tyndall Effect

Mixtures Suspension heterogeneous large particles particles settle example: muddy water

Suspension A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles will settle.

Can it be physically separated? Matter Flowchart MATTER yes no Can it be physically separated? MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE Is the composition uniform? no yes Can it be chemically decomposed? no yes Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element Colloids Suspensions