Chapter Two: Road to Independence Founding the American Colonies Section 1, pages 116-124

Glossary/Vocabulary: terms in red Pennsylvania: site of a colony founded by Quakers Mayflower Compact: set up a civil government in Plymouth Samuel de Champlain: a French explorer who set up the trading post of Quebec John Winthrop: led the group of Puritans who set up the colony of Massachusetts Roanoke: site of the “Lost Colony”

Settlements in America Spanish Kept others out of territory Looking for Gold, Glory, God Taught Christianity French Fur trading Champlain set up Quebec 1673 Joliet and Marquette discovered Mississippi River 1682 LaSalle named Louisiana Dutch New Netherland is now New York

The Virginia Colony Sir Walter Raleigh Roanoke Virginia Sailed in 1587 Roanoke Present-day North Carolina Colonists disappeared-”The Lost Colony” Virginia Jamestown- first permanent English settlement receives charter (right to organize a settlement) Wanted wealth John Smith defends against Indians John Rolfe discovers tobacco-first cash crop Self-Government Elected burgesses (representatives) of land-owners 1619: example of representative gov’t: House of Burgesses

The 13 English Colonies Pilgrims The Mayflower Compact 1620: sailed from England on Mayflower Wanted religious freedom Arrived in Plymouth, Mass. The Mayflower Compact Set up civil gov’t New England Colonies: Massachusetts John Winthrop led Puritans in 1629 Protestant faith was official religion Connecticut and Rhode Island 1639: Thomas Hooker First Constitution: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Roger Williams: separation of church and state Rhode Island: free worship

The 13 English Colonies: Middle New York English took control in 1664 King Charles II renamed Pennsylvania Settled by Quakers-1680 William Penn-founder City of Brotherly Love Religious tolerance Elected representatives

Southern Colonies Virginia Maryland The Carolinas Georgia Grew tobacco, rice 1622-settled on Indian land Lost charter, kept House of Burgesses Maryland Calvert-set up Catholic haven Named after queen Act of Toleration passed in 1649 Step toward religious diversity The Carolinas 1719: settlers seized control of Gov't Georgia Last of the English colonies