12-3 Did you know? The name Ku Klux Klan comes from the Greek word “kuklos,” meaning circle. The group thought of the circle as a symbol of creativity.

Because they Could not buy land or pay rent in cash!

Why do you think most white Southerners opposed expanding the rights of African Americans? the plantation owners still needed laborers, so they wanted to keep the freed African Americans from leaving; some white Southerners were afraid of losing their jobs to freed people; and some were white supremacists, who believed that whites should control the South. Many were unable to think of African Americans as free or possessing any rights.

Black House & Senate Delegates Black & White Political Participation “Colored Rule in a Reconstructed South” Black Republicans were accused of corruption & lack of civility

Notebook Assignment # 8

Historically Black Colleges in the South

Notebook Assignment # 8

Republican Rule in the South In 1867, a Southern Republican Party was formed by: Northern “carpetbaggers” Southern “scalawags” interested in making money in the South Small, white farmers who wanted protection from creditors Blacks who wanted civil rights Many Southern blacks were elected to state & national gov’t Southern Republicans were only in power for 1-9 years but improved public education, welfare, & transportation

Reconstructing Southern Society

Reconstructing Southern Society How did Reconstruction impact the South? Southern whites wanted to keep newly-freed blacks inferior Freed blacks sought equality, property, education, & the vote Many Northerners moved South to make money or to "civilize" the region after the Civil War

Sharecropping: A New Slavery? The Civil War destroyed Southern land, economy, & transportation Recovering meant finding a new labor system to replace slavery: The South tried a contract-labor system but it was ineffective Sharecropping “solved” the problem; black farmers worked on white planters’ land, but had to pay ¼ or ½ of their crops

Sharecropping Problem: families accumulated debt to the landowner before their crop was sold; This cyclical process led to mortgages on future crops (crop lien system) By the end of 1865, most freedmen had returned to work on the same plantations on which they were previously enslaved

What were the positive and negative effects of some improvements brought by Reconstruction? Education improved for both races, but schools were generally segregated. African Americans were able to rent land and become sharecroppers, although they would have preferred owning their own land as well as making some money from the crops they grew. Instead, they had to give the landowner a share of their crops, which left very little for them.

How effective was the U. S How effective was the U.S. in addressing these Reconstruction questions? 4. What branch of government should control the process of Reconstruction? 1. How to bring the South back into the Union? 2. How to rebuild the South after its destruction during the war? 3. How to integrate & protect newly- emancipated black freedmen?

Notebook Assignment #9