Light and Sound Review Answers 2018

Answers to definitions: Sound Retina Translucent Pitch Opaque Transparent Diffraction Elasticity Iris Reverberation Pupil Acoustics Decibels Cornea Refraction Reflection Reflection/echo Interference Loudness

1. What does the color of an object depend upon 1.What does the color of an object depend upon? Must explain all 3 types of materials that light can pass through. An opaque object is the color of the light wave that is reflected from it while a translucent or transparent object is the color of the light wave that it transmits/allows to pass through it.

2.Describe the two types of reflection and explain the difference. Regular reflection: creates a sharp image, rays of light hit and reflect off a smooth surface Diffused Reflection: unclear image, rays of light hit and reflect off a bumpy or uneven surface

3.What does a prism do? A prism breaks down white light(visible light) into the different wave lengths of color (ROYGBIV)

4.List the path that light takes to form an image and eventually to your brain. Cornea Pupil Lens Retina

5. What is the job of the iris? It expands and contracts to control the amount of light that enters the eye

6.What is the job of the cornea and the lens? The cornea is the clear, transparent part of the eye. It protects the eye and acts as a lens to help focus light rays. The lens refracts light to form an upside-down image on the retina.

7. What is the difference between Rods and Cones? Rods: cells that contain pigment that respond to small amounts of light, allows you to see black and white and in dim light. Cones: cells that respond to color, respond best in bright light.

8. How does temperature affect the way sound waves travels? Sound waves travel more slowly in lower temperatures than higher temperatures because it is more difficult for the particles to move and return to their original positions.

9. Why are sound waves called mechanical waves? Sound waves are called mechanical waves because they carry energy through a medium with out moving the particles of the medium along.

10. What 2 things effect the loudness of a sound? The amount of energy used to make the sound and the distance you are from the source of the sound.

11. What does pitch depend on? Pitch depends on the frequency of the sound wave.

12. Explain the difference between high pitch and low pitch. High Pitch: high frequency/high amplitude Low Pitch: low frequency/low amplitude

13. What is the doppler effect? The Doppler Effect is the change in the frequency of a wave as its source moves in relation to the observer.

14. List the 3 parts of the ear and explain the function of each part. •Outer Ear: collect and funnels the sound waves causing the ear drum to vibrate •Middle Ear: Transmits/carries the sound waves from the ear drum inward causing 3 tiny bones to vibrate •Inner Ear: transforms the vibrations from the middle ear into signals that travel to the brain along the auditory nerve