Directions Today 4-10-18 Put up dividers & get out a pencil Complete Edhelper: How Plants Reproduce #1 has TWO ANSWERS….bubble them BOTH!!! Make sure to record answers by each question as well as on your scantron BE CAREFUL!! Questions go side to side (Left/Right) Underline/Highlight answers found in text and ADD # next to each to support your answer Turn in to teacher when finished. Read Ch. 26-1 SILENTLY and complete directed reading sheet

Binary fission, budding, fragmentation/regeneration Mind Stretcher 4-11-18 1 1. Asexual reproduction requires ______ parent(s). Examples of this type include ____________________________________. 2. Sexual reproduction requires _____ parent(s). Two examples include FERTILIZATION and ________________. Binary fission, budding, fragmentation/regeneration 2 Pollination

Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction NOTES

Asexual reproduction Requires 1 parent. The primary form of reproduction for single-celled organisms such as archaea, bacteria, & protists. Some plants and fungi reproduce asexually as well.

Sexual Reproduction Requires 2 parents Results in increasing genetic diversity of the offspring. Characterized by two processes: Meiosis- halving of the number of chromosomes Fertilization- combining two sex cells (can be internal or external) Primary method of reproduction for most visible organisms, including almost all animals and plants.

Binary Fission Type: Asexual What Happens: Cell splits and replicated DNA goes with each part Organisms: Prokaryotes, Bacteria +: Fast and easy - :Everybody has the same DNA

Bacterial Conjugation Type: Does not produce offspring, changes parent. What happens: A bacteria shoots out a tube and sends a piece of its DNA to another bacteria Organisms: Some types of bacteria + Mixes DNA - Takes energy

Fragmentation/ Regeneration Type: Asexual What happens: Body of parent breaks and produces offspring Organisms: Fungi, moss, sea stars, planarian + Easy - Parent broken, same DNA Fragmentation or Clonal Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction or cloning where an organism is split into fragments. The splitting may or may not be intentional. Each of these fragments develop into mature, fully grown individuals that are a clone of the original organism. If the organism is split any further the process is repeated. Fragmentation is seen in many organisms such as molds, some annelid worms, and starfish. Binary fission of single-celled organisms such bacteria, protozoa and many algae is a type of fragmentation. Molds, yeast, and mushrooms, all of which are part of the Fungi kingdom, produce tiny filaments called hyphae. These hyphae obtain food and nutrients from the body of other organisms to grow and fertilize. Then a piece of hyphae breaks off and grows into a new individual and the cycle continues. Fragmentation is observed in nonvascular plants as well, liverworts and mosses.

Regeneration Fragmentation or Clonal Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction or cloning where an organism is split into fragments. The splitting may or may not be intentional. Each of these fragments develop into mature, fully grown individuals that are a clone of the original organism. If the organism is split any further the process is repeated. Fragmentation is seen in many organisms such as molds, some annelid worms, and starfish. Binary fission of single-celled organisms such bacteria, protozoa and many algae is a type of fragmentation. Molds, yeast, and mushrooms, all of which are part of the Fungi kingdom, produce tiny filaments called hyphae. These hyphae obtain food and nutrients from the body of other organisms to grow and fertilize. Then a piece of hyphae breaks off and grows into a new individual and the cycle continues. Fragmentation is observed in nonvascular plants as well, liverworts and mosses.

Budding - Same DNA (no diversity!) + Fast, somewhat easy Type: Asexual What happens: Offspring grows out of parent Organisms: Yeast, hydras + Fast, somewhat easy - Same DNA (no diversity!)

Pollination Type: Sexual What happens: Pollen is delivered to female part of plant Organisms: Flowering plants + Plants don’t have to move, mixes DNA - Need external source for pollination to take place; wind, bee, bat, butterfly etc.

Pollination

Brain Pop- Asexual Reproduction As you watch, circle answers on your “quiz” copy on the back of the directed reading No talking!