The evolution of ischemic spinal cord injury in function, cytoarchitecture, and inflammation and the effects of adenosine A2A receptor activation T.

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Presentation transcript:

The evolution of ischemic spinal cord injury in function, cytoarchitecture, and inflammation and the effects of adenosine A2A receptor activation T. Brett Reece, MD, David O. Okonkwo, MD, PhD, Peter I. Ellman, MD, Patrick S. Warren, BS, Robert L. Smith, MD, A. Stewart Hawkins, Joel Linden, PhD, Irving L. Kron, MD, Curtis G. Tribble, MD, John A. Kern, MD The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 128, Issue 6, Pages 925-932 (December 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.019 Copyright © 2004 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Hind limb function in the Tarlov scale over the first 48 hours of reperfusion. *P < .05 compared with sham; **P < .01 compared with both sham and ATL. IR, Ischemia/reperfusion. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 128, 925-932DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.019) Copyright © 2004 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Myeloperoxidase activity in spinal cord tissue among the ATL-146e, sham, and ischemia/reperfusion (IR) groups at 12, 24, and 48 hours of reperfusion. *P < .015 compared with the sham and ATL groups. ΔOD, Change in absorbance. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 128, 925-932DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.019) Copyright © 2004 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Spinal cord tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α among the ATL-146e, sham, and ischemia/reperfusion (IR) groups over the first 48 hours of reperfusion. *P < .01 compared with both sham and ATL. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 128, 925-932DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.019) Copyright © 2004 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Neuronal viability of spinal cord motor neurons (viable neurons per high-powered field [hpf]) among the ATL-146e, sham, and ischemia/reperfusion (IR) groups over the first 48 hours of reperfusion. *P < .05 compared with both sham and ATL. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 128, 925-932DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.019) Copyright © 2004 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Microtubule-associated protein–2 (MAP-2) expression in gray matter (percentage area of gray matter stained) over the first 48 hours of reperfusion. †P < .05 compared with both ATL and ischemia/reperfusion (IR); *P < .05 compared with IR. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 128, 925-932DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.08.019) Copyright © 2004 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions