Nature of Matter
The Atom The atom is the basic unit of matter. The particles that make up atoms are: -protons - positively (+) charged -neutrons - no charge -electrons - negatively (-) charged Atoms have equal numbers of electrons and protons therefore they are neutral.
Protons, Neutrons, & Electrons
Elements Elements are pure substances, made up of only one type of atom. Proton number (atomic number) defines the atom. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. A compound is a substance formed by joining two or more elements in definite proportions
Isotopes
Chemical Bonds Chemical bonds hold atoms in compounds together. - An ionic bond - electrons are transferred from one atom to another (crystals). - A covalent bond - electrons are shared between atoms (molecules).
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds