Wetlands If you dare!.

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What do you think is the definition of a wetland?

Presentation transcript:

Wetlands If you dare!

I. What is a Wetland? A. Wetlands: 1. Definition: transitional lands between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. 2. Defining characteristics: a. Vegetation - supports plants that have adapted to grow submerged in water b. Soil - substrate is mostly waterlogged clay soil c. Hydrology - area saturated by water for part or all of year -

II. Wetland Values 1. Food Web Support a. Wetland habitats among the most productive ecosystems

II. Wetland Values (continued) 2. Fish & Wildlife Habitat 1. Species use wetlands for breeding, raising young, feeding, nesting & cover 3. Flood Control- Reduced Storm Impact 1. Slow runoff by acting as sponges 2. Detention basin - retain flood waters 3. Reduce riverbank erosion 4. Water Quality Improvement - “Wetlands = Kidneys of the Land” 1. Sediment removal - water slows down & sediment drops out 2. Filtration/biological uptake- susceptible to toxic accumulation 3. Wetlands constructed for the purpose of treating storm & wastewater .

II. Wetland Values (continued) 5. Shore Stabilization 1. Unprotected shores more susceptible to erosion 6. Groundwater Recharge - net movement of surface water to groundwater 1. Recharge as a function of soil depth, permeability & bedrock 7. Recreation Hunting, bird watching,water recreation 8. Education 9. Aesthetic Value

III. Wetland Loss & Conservation A. Reasons for Wetland Loss & Conservation 1. Urbanization 2. Farming 3. Salt production

IV. Wetland Protection In U.S. Federal permit required to fill wetlands more than 3 acres Good News law has cut wetland loss by 80% since 1969 Bad News attempts to weaken law not all wetlands under federal protection - local, state protection is weak

Measuring Nitrates & Phosphates? Normal Parameters Total Phosophate concentrations of Non-polluted waters < .1ppm (mg/L) Nitrates less than or equal to .6 ppm (mg/L)