Organic Compounds (Cont.) Proteins and Nucleic Acids 05_02Polymers_A.swf 05_05Disaccharides_A.swf 05_07Polysaccharides_A.swf 05_11Fats_A.swf

Organic Compounds (Cont.) Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA, ATP) DNA: ____________________

Organic Compounds (Cont.) Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA, ATP) DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Organic Compounds (Cont.) Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA, ATP) DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA: ____________________

Organic Compounds (Cont.) Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA, ATP) DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA: Ribonucleic Acid

Organic Compounds (Cont.) Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA, ATP) DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA: Ribonucleic Acid II. DNA vs. RNA DNA is usually the primary ________material RNA plays a variety of roles in translating ______ to _____________.

Organic Compounds (Cont.) Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA, ATP) DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA: Ribonucleic Acid II. DNA vs. RNA DNA is usually the primary genetic material RNA plays a variety of roles in translating DNA to protein.

III. Nucleotide Structure (3 major parts) *Contains SPONCH DNA Vs RNA 1. __________ 1. __________ 2. __________ 2. ________ 3. __________ 3. __________

III. Nucleotide Structure (3 major parts) DNA Vs RNA 1. Phosphate 1. Phosphate 2. Deoxyribose (Sugar) 2. Ribose 3. Nitrogenous Bases (4) 3. No Thymine Adenine (A) “ Guanine (G) “ Cytosine (C) “ Thymine (T) Uracil (U)

DNA is a polymer (long chain) of nucleotides (Phosphate, Sugar Base)

DNA looks like a twisted ladder – is referred to as a: “double helix”

IV. Proteins Contain SPONCH – Sulfur only sometimes Most proteins end in “in” (seratonin, hemoglobin, tubulin, actin, myosin………) Major types of Proteins: ___________

IV. Proteins Contain SPONCH – Sulfur only sometimes Most proteins end in “in” (seratonin, hemoglobin, tubulin, actin, myosin………) Major types of Proteins: Antibodies Enzymes Muscles Hormones Pigment

V. Protein Structure Functional Groups (found in _______ ______) Amino Group (NH2) Carboxyl Group (_______) R-Group (_______between amino acids)

V. Protein Structure Functional Groups (found in amino acids) Amino Group (NH2) Carboxyl Group (COOH) R-Group (Varies between amino acids)

Amino Acids are the subunits of proteins!

Many times amino acids are abbreviated with three letters!

VI. Protein Levels Level 1: ___________ Structure Is composed of a chain of ______ ______. Polymer level: Called a _________________.

VI. Protein Levels Level 1: Primary Structure Is composed of a chain of amino acids. Polymer level – Called a polypeptide.

Polymer of Amino Acids AKA: Polypeptide Peptide Bond

05_20aIntroProteinStruct_A.swf 05_20bPrimaryStructure_A.swf

Level 2: ____________ Structure Hydrogens (H) of one amino acid bond with Oxygens (O) of an adjacent amino acid. Results in two shapes: alpha helix (helical) and the beta pleated sheet (zig-zag pattern).

Level 2: Secondary Structure Hydrogens (H) of one amino acid bond with Oxygens (O) of an adjacent amino acid. Results in two shapes: alpha helix (helical) and the beta pleated sheet (zig-zag pattern). 05_20cSecondaryStructure_A.swf

Level 3: ___________ Structure “R” groups of amino acids interact and form bonds. Causes “bunching” of the alpha helix and beta pleated sheet. **All proteins reach at least this level!!

Level 3: Tertiary Structure “R” groups of amino acids interact and form bonds. Causes “bunching” of the alpha helix and beta pleated sheet. **All proteins reach at least this level!! 05_20dTertiaryStructure_A.swf

Level 4: ____________Structure Composed of more than one ___________chain bonded together – results in “globular” proteins. Each protein (i.e. hemoglobin) has a very specific shape due to specific bonding between_________ _______.

Level 4: Quaternary Structure Composed of more than one polypeptide chain bonded together – results in “globular” proteins. Each protein (i.e. hemoglobin) has a very specific shape due to specific bonding between amino acids. 05_20eQuaternaryStructure_A.swf

Quaternary Level Proteins