The osteoarthritis initiative: report on the design rationale for the magnetic resonance imaging protocol for the knee C.G. Peterfy, M.D., Ph.D., E.

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The osteoarthritis initiative: report on the design rationale for the magnetic resonance imaging protocol for the knee C.G. Peterfy, M.D., Ph.D., E. Schneider, Ph.D., M. Nevitt, Ph.D. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Volume 16, Issue 12, Pages 1433-1441 (December 2008) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016 Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Orientation of coronal acquisitions. Coronal 2D and 3D acquisitions are prescribed coronal to the joint, with the slice axis parallel to the long axis of the femoral diaphysis on the sagittal localizer (A) and to a line tangent to the posterior cortices of the femoral condyles on the axial localizer (B). Depiction of both posterior femoral cortices (arrows) within two slices (3mm) of each other confirms proper alignment on this example of COR 3D FLASH WE (C). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Example of COR IW 2D TSE. Note delineation of the MCL, LCL, body segments of the menisci, central tibial and femoral bone margins and the central tibiofemoral articular cartilage. Note that chemical-shift artifact is relatively mild. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Orientation of the sagittal acquisitions. Anatomical coverage on sagittal 2D and 3D acquisitions should include the tibial tubercle, the entire patella and as much of the suprapatellar bursa as possible (A) Sagittal acquisitions are prescribed orthogonal to the coronal acquisitions and sagittal to the joint, with the slice axis parallel to the long axis of the femoral diaphysis on the coronal localizer (B) and perpendicular to a line tangent to the posterior cortices of the femoral condyles on the axial localizer (C). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 SAG 3D DESS WE. Note the clear delineation of the cartilage-cartilage (small arrows) and cartilage-capsule (large arrow) interfaces as well as the interfaces between cartilage and adipose (F), bone (B) and meniscus (M). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Coronal MPR of SAG 3D DESS WE. Orientation is identical to that described in Fig. 1. Note the excellent delineation of the cartilage–fluid interface (arrow), and the high contrast between cartilage and bone (B) and cartilage and meniscus (M). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Axial MPR of SAG 3D DESS WE. Axial coverage includes any superior or inferior patellar osteophytes and extends to the tibial epiphysis. Note the good cartilage–fluid contrast revealing thinning of articular cartilage over the lateral facet of the patella (large arrow). Note also, that a small aliasing artifact (small arrow) is present at the top of the image but does not obscure any anatomy of interest. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Sensitivity to subarticular BMA and cysts. SAG IW 2D TSE FS (A) shows both bone cysts (small arrow) and surrounding BMA (large arrow) in the femoral trochlea of this knee. However, both GRE scans, SAG 3D DESS WE (B) and COR 3D FLASH WE (C), of the same knee show only the cysts in this location. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 SAG 2D MESE. Multiple contrast acquisitions having progressively longer TEs can be combined to generate T2 maps of the articular cartilage and adjacent tissues. These seven images illustrate how changing the TE affects the relative signal and relative contrast among the different tissues in the knee. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 SAG 2D MESE. Multiple contrast acquisitions having progressively longer TEs can be combined to generate T2 maps of the articular cartilage and adjacent tissues. These seven images illustrate how changing the TE affects the relative signal and relative contrast among the different tissues in the knee. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2008 16, 1433-1441DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2008.06.016) Copyright © 2008 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions