Cognition Review Game

__________ is the study of the meaning of words and language. 25 Linguistics Morphetics Semantics Syntax Encoding 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Representations used in thinking include: 25 Concepts Mnemonics Phonemes Cognitions Holophrases 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Basic speech sounds are called: 25 Telegraphic speech Morphemes Holophrases Phonemes Both 2 an 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

The inability to see new uses for familiar objects is termed: 25 Proactive inhibition Interference Non-flexible thinking The familiarization error Functional fixedness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Which of the following is usually associated with creativity? 25 Convergent thinking High IQ Modeling Divergent thinking Retroactive thinking 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 12 Participant 3 Participant 13 Participant 4 Participant 14 Participant 5 Participant 15 Participant 6 Participant 16 Participant 7 Participant 17 Participant 8 Participant 18 Participant 9 Participant 19 Participant 10 Participant 20

Proactive interference A truck gets stuck under a bridge. Several tow-trucks are unable to pull it out. At last a little boy walks up and asks the red-faced adults trying to free the truck, why they haven't let the air out of the truck's tires. This oversight was due to: 25 Functional fixedness Fixation Divergent thinking Synesthesia Proactive interference 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Heuristics are problem solving strategies which: 25 use a trial and error approach. use random search strategies Provide you with a mental shortcut Will slowly get you the right answer Can be unreliable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Concept Heuristic Perceptual set Cognitive match Prototype If 98 out of 100 people respond "Golden Retriever" when asked to name what dog best represents the concept, "dog,“ then a golden retriever would be called a 25 Concept Heuristic Perceptual set Cognitive match Prototype 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

The solution to arithmetic problems mainly requires: 25 Divergent thinking Mechanical problem solving Insight Brainstorming Convergent thinking 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Framing Cognitive dissonance Heuristics Syntax Both 3 and 4 Many companies realize the power of this psychological idea when constructing appealing product advertisements: 25 Framing Cognitive dissonance Heuristics Syntax Both 3 and 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 12 Participant 3 Participant 13 Participant 4 Participant 14 Participant 5 Participant 15 Participant 6 Participant 16 Participant 7 Participant 17 Participant 8 Participant 18 Participant 9 Participant 19 Participant 10 Participant 20

Syntax Semantics Heuristics Chunking Connotation The fact that "Dog bites man" has a very different meaning from "Man bites dog" demonstrates the importance of 25 Syntax Semantics Heuristics Chunking Connotation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Inductive Counterproductive Deductive Transformational Conducive Thought that involves going from general principles to specific situations is called __________ reasoning. 25 Inductive Counterproductive Deductive Transformational Conducive 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Representative heuristic Confirmation bias Pre-loading bias A tendency to select wrong answers because they seem to match pre-existing mental categories is called 25 Representative heuristic Confirmation bias Pre-loading bias Availability heuristic Belief bias 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Syntax Semantics Heuristics Bias Both 3 and 4 If you translated "Pepsi is for the younger generation" into Spanish and the translation reads "Pepsi reverses aging," you have a problem with 25 Syntax Semantics Heuristics Bias Both 3 and 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information is called: 25 State-dependent memory Retroactive interference Proactive interference The serial position effect The spacing effect 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 12 Participant 3 Participant 13 Participant 4 Participant 14 Participant 5 Participant 15 Participant 6 Participant 16 Participant 7 Participant 17 Participant 8 Participant 18 Participant 9 Participant 19 Participant 10 Participant 20

Recognition Storage Encoding Retrieval Implicit memory The fact that elderly people are often less able than younger adults to recall previously learned information can be best explained in terms of the greater difficulty older people have with: 25 Recognition Storage Encoding Retrieval Implicit memory 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

The serial position effect Encoding failure Retrieval recognition One day after Usha hears her mother's list of 12 grocery items, Usha is most likely to remember the items at the beginning and at the end of the list. This phenomenon is called: 25 A conceptual set The serial position effect Encoding failure Retrieval recognition A perceptual set 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

The inability to remember how Lincoln's head appears on a penny is most likely due to a failure in: 25 Decoding Storage Retrieval Automatic processing Encoding 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Recall transformation Confirmation bias Priming Cognitive delay Watching a TV soap opera involving marital conflict and divorce led Andrea to recall several instances in which her husband had mistreated her. The effect of the TV program on Andrea's recall provides an example of: 25 A conceptual map Recall transformation Confirmation bias Priming Cognitive delay 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Your consciously activated but limited-capacity memory is called ________ memory. 25 Long-term memory Short term-memory Implicit memory Explicit memory Holistic memory 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 12 Participant 3 Participant 13 Participant 4 Participant 14 Participant 5 Participant 15 Participant 6 Participant 16 Participant 7 Participant 17 Participant 8 Participant 18 Participant 9 Participant 19 Participant 10 Participant 20

The serial position effect The spacing effect The method of loci During her psychology test, Marsha could not remember the meaning of the term "proactive interference." Surprisingly, however, she accurately remembered that the term appeared on the fourth line of a left-hand page in her textbook. Her memory of this incidental information is best explained in terms of: 25 Automatic processing The serial position effect The spacing effect The method of loci The next in line effect 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Proactive interference Implicit memory The self-reliance effect When memory researcher Elizabeth Loftus was an adolescent, her uncle incorrectly insisted that as a child she had found her own mother's drowned body. Loftus herself later falsely recollected finding the body. This best illustrates: 25 Proactive interference Implicit memory The self-reliance effect The misinformation effect Mood-congruent memory 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Overconfidence Hindsight bias Confirmation bias Availability bias Many journalists will correctly predict major events after the fact as if they “knew” they were going to happen. This phenomenon is called: 25 Overconfidence Hindsight bias Confirmation bias Availability bias Representative bias 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

A violent protester, harming people in the name of his religion, may be exhibiting this kind of bias: 25 Hindsight bias Confirmation bias Belief bias Belief perseverance Representative bias 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

A friend who has been proved wrong still holds on to their belief A friend who has been proved wrong still holds on to their belief. This is called: 25 Hindsight bias Confirmation bias Representative bias Belief bias Belief perseverance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 1 Participant 11 Participant 2 Participant 12 Participant 3 Participant 13 Participant 4 Participant 14 Participant 5 Participant 15 Participant 6 Participant 16 Participant 7 Participant 17 Participant 8 Participant 18 Participant 9 Participant 19 Participant 10 Participant 20