Biology PAP November 1, 2017 Please turn in your POGIL on Photosynthesis and Respiration I will check to see that you finished the worksheets on photosynthesis. Make sure you have a pen out to fill in notes on energy and food pyramids

Chapter 3.2 Energy Flow

Sun = primary / main source of energy The Sun Sun = primary / main source of energy

Autotrophs vs Heterotrophs Autotrophs make their own food Producers = eaten by other organisms who can not make their own food Examples Plants = photoautotrophs Bacteria = chemoautotrophs Heterotrophs must eat something (producers/other heterotrophs) to obtain energy Consumers = they consume (eat) producers/other consumers

Types of Heterotrophs Herbivores – eat only plants Carnivores – eat only other animals Omnivores – eat both plants and other animals Detritivores – feed on plant and animal remains Decomposers – break down organic matter

Energy Flow Energy flows in one direction

Trophic Level Each step in a food chain is called a trophic level Only 10% of the energy available is transferred to the higher trophic level

What happens to the rest of the energy? Remaining energy is given off as heat - It take energy to eat and then digest food

Biomass Pyramid Biomass pyramids = amount of living matter/food available at each trophic level Mass = grams / area

Relative number of organisms at Pyramid of Numbers Relative number of organisms at each trophic level

Biomagnification Chemicals (copper, DDT, mercury) are stored in animal tissues and become magnified as you move higher up the food chain

Feeding Relationships Food Chain vs. Food Web