4.09 module project BY BRIAN PEINE

Map with locations

Rome Italy  The Index of Forbidden Books was a tool used for the Counter Reformation. It is a list of forbidden books that were published by the Catholic Church. The Church saw the printing press as a threat to the faithful. They thought that it could lead them to sin and error, so they made it to where people couldn't read certain books.  Rome did a lot to help with the Counter Reformation. They took significant steps in order to spread Catholic doctrine and to drive off what it regarded. Jesuits had a goal which was to spread Catholic faith as missionaries and to teach the young. They did this to help rebut what the Reformation was doing. They did many things to try and teach others about Catholic faith. They tried to block out what the Reformation was saying and to convince people that they weren't bad.

Wittenburg, Germany  In this church is where Martin Luther nailed his complaints to the German church door. He made a thing called the 95 Theses, which are statements that are critical to the church. This was the beginning of a huge movement. He started something that would make a huge change.  Wittenberg was an important part of the reformation movement. Many people began questioning and criticizing the church and its ways. These so called many people included: John Wycliffe, Jan Hus, and Martin Luther. People began listening and thinking about what these important people were saying. Thus starting the beginning of a large movement inspired by all of those important people.

Lisbon, Portugal  There is a monument in Lisbon called the Padrão dos Descobrimentos. The Padrão dos Descobrimentos celebrates the Portuguese Age of Exploration. There are 33 figures placed around the monument, representing important people during the Age of Exploration. The figures on the sides represent artists, explorers and other important figures.  Portugal played a large role in exploration. The Navigator, Prince Henry, was a royal prince, soldier, and patron of explorers, and he helped explore many new things. Portuguese sailors managed to make it as far south as Senegal on the African coast under his leadership. Even after his death, he still inspired them to keep exploring, which they did. They managed to sail across the equator, which was a first for Europeans. Other Portuguese explorers also helped as well like: Ferdinand Magellan, Vasco da Gama and Bartolomeu Dias.

Florence, Italy  This is a picture of the ceiling of a Church. It is a great example of the Renaissance in Florence, Italy. Depth and perspective became popular during the Renaissance, which is demonstrated in the picture. They used perspective in many paintings in order to make it look three dimensional. This is significant because it is an example of a painting in the Renaissance.  During the Renaissance Florence played a big role by showing their support for new ideas with great artist and musicians, making it an important leading city. Florence is the center of banking and trade of woolen cloth. The city was ruled by a list of very strong families, who were known for power and wealth, but also for their support of the arts!