Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs Connections to the movie Cast Away, starring Tom Hanks and Wilson.

Unit Terms Need Esteem Self-Actualization Stability Security Affection Acceptance Companionship  Growth Metacognition Approval Ethical Potential Compassionate Humanity Crisis Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs Temperament

Human Development The process of growing into maturity Development is described in three domains, but growth in one domain influences the other domains. Physical Domain: body size, body proportions, appearance, brain development, motor development, perception capacities, physical health. Cognitive Domain: thought processes and intellectual abilities including attention, memory, problem solving, imagination, creativity, academic and everyday knowledge, metacognition, and language. Social/Emotional Domain: self-knowledge (self-esteem, metacognition, sexual identity, ethnic identity), moral reasoning, understanding and expression of emotions, self-regulation, temperament, understanding others, interpersonal skills, and friendships.

Understanding Growth and Development What is a theory? Orderly set of ideas which describe, explain, and predict behavior. Why are theories important? To give meaning to what we observe. As a basis for action -- finding ways to improve the lives and education of children

Abraham Maslow A Psychologist who was interested in human potential, seeking peak experiences and improving mental health.

A Deeper Look At Maslow

Background Information Birthdate: April 1, 1908 Birthplace: Brooklyn, New York Parents: Samuel and Rose Maslow He experienced anti- Semitism from his teachers and from other children around the neighborhood. Maslow had various problems within his own home.

Family Relationships He and his father were constantly at odds. His father, Samuel, continually degraded him and pushed him to excel in areas that were of no interest to him. Samuel even publicly announced that his son was repulsively ugly. Maslow’s mother treated him even worse than his father. Maslow deeply loathed his mother and wanted no interaction with her whatsoever. Maslow perceived his mother as being entirely insensitive and unloving. She exhibited no sign of affection or love for anyone she encountered, even her own family. Fortunately, a loving uncle, his mother’s brother, watched over him in adolescence and showed him what normality and decency were.

Beginnings of his theory Maslow described his early childhood as unhappy and lonely, and he spent much of his time in the library immersed in books. Believed physical strength to be the single most defining characteristic of a true male; hence, he exercised often and took up weight lifting in hopes of being transformed into a more muscular, tough- looking guy He went to Boys High School, one of the top high schools in Brooklyn. There, he served as the officer to many academic clubs, and became editor of the Latin Magazine. He also edited Principia, the school's Physics paper, for a year.

Continued He chose instead to collect data for his theories by studying outstanding individuals. His studies led him to believe that people have certain needs which are unchanging and genetic in origin. These needs are the same in all cultures and are both physiological and psychological. Maslow described these needs as being hierarchal in nature, meaning that some needs are more basic or more powerful than others and as these needs are satisfied, other higher needs emerge.

Hierarchy of Needs

What is it? Hierarchy of Needs suggests that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs. This hierarchy is most often displayed as a pyramid. The lowest levels of the pyramid are made up of the most basic needs, while the more complex needs are located at the top of the pyramid

2 Types of needs Deficiency Needs (D- needs) Contains the most fundamental and basic four layers of the pyramid: physiological needs, security or safety needs, love and belonging, and esteem. These needs arise due to deprivation. The satisfaction of these needs helps to “avoid” unpleasant feelings or consequence. Growth Needs It is also known as being needs or B-needs. Growth needs do not come from a place of “lack”, but rather from a desire to grow as a person. Contains the highest level in Maslow’s pyramid: self- actualization. Meta-motivators can be thought of as stepping-stones to full self-actualization. The more of them you master, the more self-actualized you are.

Maslow’s Meta-Motivators Liveliness Creativity Goodness When you read through the list of meta-motivators below, think about which of them drives you the most. The most important thing for you to remember is that everybody is different - one meta-motivator may drive you but fail to get another person off the couch. Maslow’s Meta-Motivators Liveliness Creativity Goodness Self-sufficiency Uniqueness Complexity Autonomy Wholeness Justice Unity Purpose Meta Motivators = Meta Motivation Spontaneity Individuality Completeness Harmony Perfection Simplicity Fairness Beauty Truth Moral Playfulness Benevolence

Maslow’s Theory Esteem Love and Belonging Safety and Security Physical Self-Actualization Esteem Love and Belonging Safety and Security Physical

Psychological Needs These include the most basic needs that are vital to survival, such as the need for water, air (oxygen), food, and sleep/rest. Maslow believed that these needs are the most basic and instinctive needs in the hierarchy.

Physical Needs Physical Food Sleep Exercise Shelter Water Air Some may want to delete the word sex, depending on teacher’s comfort level and maturity of students. Physical

Safety and security needs Includes a desire for steady employment, health care, safe neighborhoods, and shelter from the environment. These needs have to do with man’s yearning for a predictable, orderly world in which injustice and inconsistency are under control. FAIRNESS

Safety and Security Needs Stability Freedom from Danger Financial Security Personal Safety Windows and Doors with Locks Safety and Security

Love and belonging needs It involves emotionally-based relationships in general, such as friendship, acceptance and having a supportive and communicative family.

Love and Belonging Needs Affection Approval Companionship Acceptance Love and Belonging

Self esteem needs It includes the need for things that reflect on self-esteem, personal worth, social recognition, and accomplishment. People need to engage themselves to gain recognition and have an activity or activities that give the person a sense of contribution, to feel accepted and self-valued, be it in a profession or hobby.

Esteem Needs Esteem Self Respect Pride Meaningful Career Respect from others Self Respect Pride Meaningful Career Esteem

Self- actualization needs Self-actualization is the instinctual need of humans to make the most of their abilities and to strive to be the best they can. Need for growth, development and utilization of potential, becoming all that one can be, self- fulfillment.

Self-Actualization Self- Actualization Fulfilling one’s potential Concern for Humanity Ethical Compassionate Creative Self- Actualization

Revised hierarchy of needs

Cognitive needs Needs to increase intelligence and thereby chase knowledge. Cognitive needs is the expression of the natural human need to learn, explore, discover and create to get a better understanding of the world around them.

Aesthetic needs This is the desire to appreciate symmetry, beauty, balance and order. This need is a higher level need to relate in a beautiful way with the environment and leads to the beautiful feeling of intimacy with nature and everything beautiful.

transcendence The need for helping others to self-actualize. This need when fulfilled, leads to feelings of integrity.

Reflection Where are your top three motivators on the Needs Pyramid?

The Theory First concern is to fulfill the lowest level of unsatisfied need Motivation to satisfy needs produces growth When need is met, it becomes less important and the next level of need becomes the focus If needs are not met, misbehavior or mental illness may occur During crisis decisions will be made to secure basic needs

Making the Connection with Film

You tube video demonstrating… Maslow according to Movies Video Clip

What do you think? Write a reflection on the ideas discussed in the YouTube video. Describe a movie that you have noticed the Hierarchy of Needs being displayed. If you have viewed any of the films shown at the end, how do you feel the creator of the video has connected Maslow to the film?

Connection to Castaway Chuck had everything until the crash. Now he is on an uninhabited island and is working to meet his basic human needs. Watch the following clip. Cast Away Introduction.

Connection to Cast Away In the movie Cast Away, Chuck has to supply his basic physical needs with things he finds on the island; like coconuts, fish & crabs (raw at first), gather water and create a shelter tent. Physical

Connection to Castaway Chuck’s life changes forever. His safety and security is taken away. Watch the Plane Crash Safety and Security

Connection to Castaway Chuck has family and friends that love him. Before the accident Chuck gave his girlfriend an engagement ring and then said, I'll be right back! Love and Belonging

Connection to Cast Away Fire means a lot to Chuck. It is a signal for search planes and no more raw food! I HAVE MADE FIRE! Esteem

Connection to Castaway What areas of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs do you see in this clip: Never Again, Never Again

Connection to Castaway Would you be brave enough to sail away from the island? Escape to Sea

Connection to Cast Away During crisis decisions will be made to secure basic needs: I'm Sorry Wilson! What would you do?

Connection to Cast Away What would you do if you were Standing at the Crossroads

If you were Chuck, what would you do next? Time to Reflect After watching this last clip, please write a reflection answer to the following question: If you were Chuck, what would you do next?