Effects of World War I
The Accuser
Map of Europe Germany, Austria Hungary loses territory Creation of new states Poland Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia Middle Eastern States in Asia
Changes in Europe
Changes in the Middle East
14 Point v. Treaty of Versailles https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bz2Jag0IVI eQTS0taG1RanpXaEk/view?usp=sharing
Problems at Home Soldiers Disillusionment Election of 1918-Republican Congress, Democratic President Henry Cabot Lodge 14 Reservations Article X Who declares war? Wilson has a stroke
America as a World Power Senate rejects Treaty of Versailles US does not join League of Nations England ( 4 billion) and France (3 billion) are in debt to the United States Wilson insisted on payment in full from Britain Progressivism becomes unpopular Business wants to return to Industrial Age policies No longer wanted to be involved in foreign entanglements-Isolationism
The Accuser
Economy Difficulty in converting from war economy to consumer economy Increasing inflation killed market for consumer goods GNP dropped 10 % from 1920-1921 100,000 business went bankrupt 5 million Americans lost their jobs
Labor Unrest Veterans return to work with poor working conditions and poor purchasing power due to inflation Employers aggravated resentment by using the end of war to rescind benefits they were forced to give during war-Refused to recognize unions In 1919, unprecedented wave of strikes Walkout of shipyard workers in Seattle Washington evolved into a general strike that put city in standstill
Red Scare Labor unrest brought forth overall resentment toward labor unions and any “left wing” philosophy Russian Revolution and Communist interest in Europe made American anxious toward Eastern European Immigrants Big Business used propaganda as well as business friendly administration to condemn communist ideology and “infiltration” FBI-J Edgar Hoover and A Palmer Mitchell Sacco-Vanzetti
African Americans African Americans fought in the war in segregated units. Received better treatment overseas than at home. Great migration-Black are leaving the South and sharecropping to work in industrial jobs up north and out west Cities like Chicago and Detroit erupt in violence
African Americans-Great Migration-1917
Prohibition WWI aided the push toward prohibition 19 states by 1917 Condemned Germans (brewers and distillers) Volstead Act over Wilson’s veto 18 amendment passed in Jan 1919 “The Noble Experiment” 1:16:21
The Tide Turns for Suffrage Jeanette Rankin was first women elected to the House of Representatives 1916 Alice Paul led demonstrations in front of the White House during WWI-unpopular Arrested, went on hunger strikes, force fed January 1918-Wilson announces support for the Anthony Amendment Support in World War I Women were able to enlist in the military for the first time Nurses, clerical jobs, domestic workers 19th Amendment passed by exactly 2/3 vote of Congress State Legislatures ratify 19th Amendment August 26, 1920