Warm=Up Questions 1.) William M. Tweed was a.) The leader of the Workingman’s party b.) The architect who designed America’s first skyscraper c.) A corrupt party boss in a political machine d.) The engineer who invented the electric trolley car 2.) Tammany Hall was a a.) Saloon b.) Theater c.) Dance Hall d.) Political Machine 3.) In the Credit Mobilier scandal, Union Pacific investors got rich by a.) Achieving a monopoly in hauling freight along their railroad’s tracks b.) Billing the government twice for work done once c.) Accepting bribes from business owners to route tracks through their towns d.) Conspiring with other railroads to set high prices 4.) Workers who tried to organize a union or strike were often fired and placed on a list of “troublemakers” called the a.) Blacklist b.) Lockout list c.) Strikebreaker list d.) Union list 5.) What organization offered practical aid and religious counseling to the urban poor? a.) Vaudeville b.) Tammany Hall c.) Salvation Army d.) American Protective Association

Immigration Objective 5.1: Evaluate the influence of immigration & rapid industrialization on urban life

Coming to America 25 million immigrants come to the United States between 1865 and 1920. By the 1890’s, more than half the immigrants who came to the United States were Southern and Eastern Europeans

Old Immigrants vs. New Immigrants Northern/Western Europe (England, France, Germany, Ireland) Protestants Came from Democratic traditions Adapted quickly to American life (Melting pot) New Immigrants Southern/Eastern Europe (Italy, Greece, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Slavs) and Asian (Chinese or Japanese) Catholic or Jewish Came from Monarchies or dictatorships Kept own cultures (cultural pluralism)

Ellis Island Ellis Island, an immigrant processing facility located in Upper New York Bay, was the landing site for ships carrying European immigrants Ellis Island served as the gateway for millions of immigrants traveling to the United States as the nation's busiest immigrant inspection station from 1892 until 1924 In order to be admitted into the United States, you had to pass medical examinations, have money, answer questions about politics, and take literacy tests Inspected and Rejected

Angel Island Angel Island, an immigrant processing facility in the San Francisco Bay, was the landing site for ships carrying Asian immigrants It took much longer to be processed than Ellis Island and some immigrants were detained for days, weeks, or months. More discrimination against Asian immigrants than European immigrants Many Immigrants were inspected and rejected

The Return of Nativism Nativists wanted to limit immigration and strongly opposed immigrants Ethnic cities and neighborhoods are formed because people tried to live in neighborhoods with people from the “Old Country”. Many of them kept old country traditions. Schools are used to “Americanize” immigrants

Restrictions Chinese Exclusion Act Gentlemen’s Agreement of 1907 United States federal law signed by Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882 that made revisions to the Burlingame Treaty of 1868 and allowed the United States to suspend Chinese immigration. Gentlemen’s Agreement of 1907 An informal agreement between the United States and the Empire of Japan whereby the United States would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration, and Japan would not allow further emigration to the United States. The goal was to reduce tensions between the two powerful Pacific nations. Immigration Laws The Naturalization Act of 1906 standardized naturalization procedures, made some knowledge of English a requirement for citizenship, and established the Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization. Immigration Act of 1903 added four inadmissible classes to immigration bans: anarchists, people with epilepsy, beggars, and importers of prostitutes. Literacy Tests Those who were over the age of 16 and could read some language must read 30 to 40 words to show they are capable of reading.

Statue of Liberty Large statue of a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess of freedom, who bears a torch and a tablet upon which is inscribed the date of the American Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue is located on Liberty Island in New York Harbor The statue was a gift to the United States from the people of France The statue is an icon of freedom and of the United States. It was the first thing many immigrants saw when arriving in America and served as a welcoming signal to them.

Assignment “Immigration” Worksheet Vocabulary Words Ellis Island Nativists Chinese Exclusion Act