The American Revolution
Objectives Describe America’s colonies in the 1700s List events that lead to the American Revolution Explain how Enlightenment ideas influenced American Government
Britain and Its American Colonies Over a 70 year span, the colonies increase in population 9 fold 250,000 2,150,000 Colonies forge their own identity 150 years Own governments Citizen of their colonies, not of England Navigation Act Trade only with Britain High taxes on non-British imports
Americans Win Independence French-Indian War English win Huge debt Stamp Act 1st taxes paid directly to English Government “Taxation without representation”
Americans Win Independence Growing Hostility Leads to War Influence of the Enlightenment King George III closes Boston harbor Boston Tea Party “shot heard around the world” Lexington-Concord Declaration of Independence Based on the ideas of Locke and other philosophes Written by Thomas Jefferson
Americans Win Independence Motivation Home Field Advantage Overconfidence of British Generals Expense of War to England France Enters the war in 1778 Reasons for Success
Americans Create a Republic Articles of Confederation – 1781 A New Constitution Weak national government Loose confederation Articles do not have Executive branch National judiciary One vote each in congress Passing law extremely difficult Constitutional Convention – 1787 Based on political theories of Montesquieu Locke Rousseau
Americans Create a Republic The Federal System The Presidency Executive Judicial Legislative Senate Supreme Court House of Representatives
Americans Create a Republic The Bill of Rights Federalist Papers Federalist vs. Anti-Federalist Protected Basic Rights Speech Press Assembly Religion Petition