Activated Allogeneic NK Cells as Suppressors of Alloreactive Responses

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Activated Allogeneic NK Cells as Suppressors of Alloreactive Responses Bo Hu, Yan He, Yan Wu, Guangming Bao, Haiyan Liu, Lisbeth A. Welniak, William J. Murphy Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation Volume 16, Issue 6, Pages 772-781 (June 2010) DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023 Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 H2d ALAK cells from BALB/c mice significantly suppress the (A) proliferation and (B) killing capacity of H2b splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice in allogeneic MLR stimulated with irradiated H2d splenocytes from BALB/C mice. Allogeneic MLR was set up with 5 × 105 splenocytes from both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. The ALAK cell numbers were as indicated in the figure. The same number of BALB/c splenocytes was also added as controls. ∗Indicates P < .01.The data shown are the representative of four experiments. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2010 16, 772-781DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Only the ALAK cells of stimulator origin can effectively suppress the allo-responses in the allogeneic MLR. The same number of H2d ALAK cells and H2b ALAK cells were added to the H2b anti-H2d allogeneic MLR same as in Figure 1. The (A) proliferation and (B) killing capacity of H2b splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice were measured at the end of the 3-day culture. (C) 1.25 × 105 H2d or H2k ALAK cells were added to H2b anti-H2d MLR. The same number of H2k ALAK cells was also added to H2b anti-H2k MLR. The proliferation of H2b splenocytes was measured at the end of the 3-day culture. (D) The killing capacity of H2b splenocytes was also measured at the end of the 3-day culture. ∗Indicates P < .01. The data shown are the representative of 3 experiments. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2010 16, 772-781DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 The suppressive effect of allogeneic ALAK cells was not dependent on TGF-β secretion. Anti-TGF-β and the isotype control antibodies (35 μg/mL) were added to the allogeneic MLR described in Figure 1. (A) The levels of TGF-beta secreted in the MLR reaction with or without anti-TGF-beta antibody were measured by ELISA. ND indicates not detected. (B) The proliferation of H2b splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice stimulated with irradiated H2d splenocytes were measured at the end of the 3-day culture by 3H-thymidine incorporation assay. (C) The killing capacity of H2b splenocytes killing H2d tumor cells (P815) were measured at the end of the 3-day culture by cytotoxicity assay. ∗Indicates P < .01. #Indicates P < .05. The data shown are the representative of 3 experiments. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2010 16, 772-781DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 The increased number of H2d ALAK cells could cause the diminishing of the H2b CTLs in the allogeneic MLR. The CFSE-labeled or unlabeled H2d ALAK cells were added to the allogeneic MLR described in Figure 1. (A) The capacity of H2d ALAK cells to inhibit H2b splenocytes killing H2d tumor target was not affected by CFSE labeling. (B) The number of live H2b CTLs left in the culture was significantly decreased by adding H2d ALAK cells. ∗Indicates P < .01. The data shown are the representative of 3 experiments. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2010 16, 772-781DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 The suppressive effect of allogeneic ALAK cells was partially dependent on perforin-mediated killing mechanism. The ALAK cells from wild type C57BL/6 mice, gld mice, and pfp mice (both on C57BL/6 background) were used in the MLR assay. The (A) proliferation and (B) killing capacity of H2d splenocytes from BALB/c mice were measured at the end of the 3-day culture. ∗Indicates P < .01. The data shown are the representative of 2 experiments. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2010 16, 772-781DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Donor ALAK cells promoted donor engraftment in nonmyeloblative allogeneic BMT. The ALAK cells from BALB/c mice (H2d NK) were infused into host C57BL/6 mice during nonmyeloblative allogeneic BMT. The ALAK cells from syngeneic C57BL/6 mice (H2b NK) were also infused as control. (A) Flow analysis of the percent of donor engraftment 2 months after BMT. (B) Summary and statistical analysis of all the experiments. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2010 16, 772-781DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 Donor ALAK cells could suppress host alloreactive responses in nonmyeloablative allogeneic BMT. The ALAK cells from BALB/c mice (H2d NK) were infused into host C57BL/6 mice during nonmyeloablative allogeneic BMT. The ALAK cells from syngeneic C57BL/6 mice (H2b NK) were also infused as control. (A) Percent of host derived CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (H2b T cells) out of total T cells 2 months after BMT. The host (B) proliferative responses and IL-2 production responding to donor type antigens (irradiated BALB/c splenocytes) and (C) the killing capacity to donor type tumor targets (P815 cells) were measured 2 months after BMT. Base control was the readout without alloantigen stimulation. ∗Indicates P < .01. The data shown are the representative of 3 experiments. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 2010 16, 772-781DOI: (10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.023) Copyright © 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Terms and Conditions