Risk of major congenital malformations among study infants according to fetal exposure to antihypertensives during first trimester alone* Variable ACE.

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Risk of major congenital malformations among study infants according to fetal exposure to antihypertensives during first trimester alone* Variable ACE inhibitor (n=209) Other antihypertensive (n=202) No antihypertensive (n=29 096) Any congenital malformation Infants, n 18 4 834 % of births 7.12 1.73 2.63 Risk ratio 2.71 0.66 1 (reference) Cardiovascular malformation 9 2 294 2.90 0.70 0.78 3.72 0.89 1 *Infants could have both cardiovascular and CNS malformations. The proportions and risk ratios were adjusted for potential confounders. Cooper WO et al. N Engl Med 2006; 354: 2443-2451.

Risk of major congenital malformations among study infants according to fetal exposure to antihypertensives during first trimester alone* Variable ACE inhibitor (n=209) Other antihypertensive (n=202) No antihypertensive (n=29 096) Central nervous system malformation Infants, n 3 80 % of births 1.46 0.33 Risk ratio 4.39 — 1 Other malformations 6 2 469 2.71 0.95 1.55 1.75 0.62 *Infants could have both cardiovascular and CNS malformations. The proportions and risk ratios were adjusted for potential confounders. Cooper WO et al. N Engl Med 2006; 354: 2443-2451.