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Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.178 Figure 2 Schematic to illustrate entire process from islet isolation to intraportal transplantation Figure 2 | Schematic to illustrate entire process from islet isolation to intraportal transplantation. (1) Human pancreas being distended and perfused with collagenase enzyme through cannulas placed in the pancreatic duct. (2) Schematic of the Ricordi chamber. (3) Pancreatic digest before purification (islets stained red with dithizone dye, majority impure exocrine tissue, magnification ×40). (4) COBE 2991 cell apheresis system with continuous Biochrom osmotic gradients (artificially coloured bands illustrate gradients). (5) Islet culture phase to enhance purity, viability and graft quality. (6) Highly purified human islets (stained dithizone-red, magnification ×200) ready for clinical release. (7) Percutaneous transhepatic portal venous cannulation, portal angiogram and islet gravity infusion with constant portal pressure monitoring. Shapiro, A. M. J. et al. (2016) Clinical pancreatic islet transplantation Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.178