Wastewater effects on Drinking Water Ask for questions after each slide.
Natural Water Cycle
Wastewater has a historical relationship with Drinking Water Mid 1800s- Cholera outbreak in London Direct link to sewage contamination 1900s- industrial and agricultural advancements caused man-made pollution in water sources that carried into drinking water treatment systems
Sanitation Through the Ages 1804- First municipal drinking water purification plant is built in Scotland 1827- Invention of slow sand filtration 1880s- rapid sand filtration 1852- London passes Metropolitan Water Act of 1852 Implications of the Industrial Revolution are seen in polluted water sources 1908- chlorine disinfection first used in New Jersey 1914- US Public Health Service set bacteriological standards 1962- revised for 28 substances 1974- Safe Drinking Water Act Used gravel filtration and concentric sand Rapid included pretreatment, backwashing, settling, and charcoal filtration Standards are driven by defined deficiencies
Wastewater and Drinking Water are still closely tied Man-made contaminants from factory discharge PFAs/ PFOAs Community wastewater discharge not meeting permit requirements Land application of biosolids
Current Deficiencies Source water quality Source water availability Problems Solutions Source water quality Emerging contaminants Harder to treat Dead zones Source water availability Aquifer draw-down Zone of depression Salt-water intrusion Groundwater recharge Desalination Grey water reuse UCMR studies Regulations
The Anthropocene Water Cycle
Groundwater Artificial Recharge Enhance groundwater yield in depleted sources Infiltration basin- most common method Direct injection Displacement of well water with treated wastewater Inhibit salt water intrusion Limit sink holes- cone of depression
Water Reuse San Francisco Public Utilities Headquarters Rainwater Harvesting System 25,000 gallon cistern Reuse for irrigation Wetland Treatment System Collects and treats building’s wastewater Reuse for toilet flushing 5,000 gpd capacity
Grey Water Reuse The Solaire Battery Park, NYC 25,000 gpd Membrane bioreactor treatment Toilet flushing, cooling, irrigation Operating since 2004 Driver: reduce wastewater flow
Education
Education
Contact Info Alexis Premeaux Office: 318-442-4000 Cell: 318-709-8422 apremeaux@cenlaenvironmental.com