& presents Plant Tissue Culture

Plant Tissue Culture It is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. Plant tissue culture is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation. Fig. Each dish holds tiny experimental trees grown from lab-cultured cells.

Principle Plant tissue culture relies on the fact that many plant cells have the ability to regenerate a whole plant (totipotency). a b c Fig. a) callus b) Micropropagated apple roots after 4 weeks c) Apples’ root in media

Explant Preparation of plant tissue for tissue culture is performed under aseptic conditions under HEPA filtered air provided by a laminar flow cabinet. The part which is cultured is called explant, i.e., any part of a plant taken out and grown in a test tube, under sterile conditions in special nutrient media.

Choice of Explant Explants can be taken from many different parts of a plant, including portions of shoots, leaves, stems, flowers, roots, single undifferentiated cells. It also determines if the plantlets developed via tissue culture are haploid or diploid.

Types of Plant Tissue Culture 1. Seed Culture 2. Embryo Culture 3. Meristem Culture 4. Bud Culture 5. Callus Culture 6. Cell Suspension Culture 7. Anther Culture 8. Protoplast Culture. Fig. Protoplast Solution, Cells of Petunia leaves.

Process of PTC Picture ahead 1. Preparation of Suitable Nutrient Medium 2.Selection of Explants 3.Sterilisation of Explants 4.Inoculation 5.Incubation 6.Transfer of callus (subculture) & regeneration 7.Hardening 8.Plantlet Transfer Picture ahead

Plant tissue culture techniques

Applications A large number of plants having identical features to the parents can be produced by this method. Adult plants can be produced within a short period of time. Many plantlets can be produced without seeds. Healthy and disease free plants can be propagated by this technique. Endangered plants can be preserved or conserved by this technique.

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