Lecture 1 The Nature of Science and the Scientific Method Ozgur Unal NIS - BIOLOGY Lecture 1 The Nature of Science and the Scientific Method Ozgur Unal
Science: What does come to your mind? The Nature of Science Science: What does come to your mind? Science is a process that uses observation and investigation to gain knowledge about the events in nature. Observation: Act of gathering information Inferences: Drawing conclusions from observations Investigation: Includes observing, experimenting, modelling
The Scientific Method Scientific Method
The Scientific Method Hypothesis: An educated guess Experiment: A way to test hypothesis Collect data Analyze data Draw conclusions Serendipity? Experiments include variables: Dependent variables Independent variables Constants
The Scientific Method Question: How does the thickness of the seed coat affect the germination rate of the seeds? Hypothesis? If the thickness of the coating is smaller, the seeds germinate faster. Design an experiment to test your hypothesis: A seed with scratched coat A seed with a hole in the coat (nicked) A seed with an unscratched coat
The Scientific Method Identify variables: Coating thickness Independent variable: Dependent variable: Constant: Coating thickness Germination rate Temperature, amount of sunlight, water etc. Control: The seed with normal coating is used to compare the growth rates.
Perform the experiment, collect and record your data: The Scientific Method Perform the experiment, collect and record your data: Type of seed Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Control 1 8 15 Sanded 3 9 12 24 Nicked 4 7 19 29 Draw conclusions: ?? Share your results: Communicate
The Scientific Method - Summary
Astronomy vs Astrology Which one is a science? Why? The Scientific Method Astronomy vs Astrology Which one is a science? Why?