This Month in Gastroenterology Jan Tack, John M. Carethers  Gastroenterology  Volume 132, Issue 2, Pages 469-472 (February 2007) DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.12.051 Copyright © 2007 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Relative risk and 95% confidence intervals for upper gastrointestinal complications associated with current and recent use of NSAIDs and COXIBs. Gastroenterology 2007 132, 469-472DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.12.051) Copyright © 2007 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Cumulative rate of colectomy for Denmark (___), the Netherlands and Norway (—-) and South European centers (- . -). For all patients P < .001, for the Netherlands, Norway, and southern centers, P = .015. N, number of patients. Gastroenterology 2007 132, 469-472DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.12.051) Copyright © 2007 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Effect of pretreatment with TRPV1 antagonist SB-366,791 (1.3 mg/kg SC) before acetic acid infusion in 10-day-old pups on the sensitivity of these rats to graded colorectal distention when they were tested at 8 weeks of age (n = 10). Abdominal withdrawal reflex scores as a function of distention pressure. P10 acetic acid vehicle vs P10 acetic acid SB-366,791, *P < .05. P10 acetic acid vehicle vs P10 saline vehicle, #P < .05. Gastroenterology 2007 132, 469-472DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.12.051) Copyright © 2007 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Impaired cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses are corrected by syngeneic transfer of DC derived from control animals but not from chronically ethanol-fed mice. CTL assay at various lymphocyte to target cell ratios from 8 different groups fed either ethanol or an isocaloric pair fed control diet and then immunized with empty plasmid DNA (pAp031) or an expression plasmid containing NS5 (pAp031-NS5) with or without DC transfer. Note that chronic ethanol feeding completely suppresses CTL activity against NS5 to levels seen following immunization with an empty plasmid. The syngeneic transfer of control DCs at the time of DNA-based immunization using the NS5-expressing plasmid completely corrects the defect in CTL activity in ethanol-fed animals. Also note that augmentation of DCs generated in mice fed ethanol does not increase CTL activity when isolated from chronic ethanol-fed animals, indicating that the low level of CTL activity is not due to reduced number of DCs. DCs isolated from spleens of ethanol-fed mice induces tolerance to generation of CTL activity against NS5 in animals receiving an isocaloric, pair-fed control diet with a presumably normal T-cell network. Gastroenterology 2007 132, 469-472DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2006.12.051) Copyright © 2007 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions