Monitoring Pregnant Technologist

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Presentation transcript:

Monitoring Pregnant Technologist Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Exposure levels for technologists The first image shows the levels of radiation exposure Natural versus man-made The next image demonstrates the effects of scatter radiation during mobile/portable fluoroscopy (C-arm procedures) and fluoroscopy exams.

Undertable x-ray tube

Overtable x-ray tube

Legal Dose Limits in the United States Annual 50 mSv/yr (5000 mrem/yr) Lens of the eye 150 mSv/yr (15 rem/yr Other organs 500 mSv/yr (50 rem/yr) Cumulative whole-body 10 mSv (1000 mrem) × age Pregnancy, entire 5 mSv (500 mrem) Pregnancy, monthly 0.5 mSv (50 mrem) Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Reporting Patient Dose During fluoroscopy procedures, patients will receive a radiation dose contingent on type of exam and length of exposure. Patient dose can be measured and reported according to the following: Entrance Skin Exposure Most common way to report dose Easy to measure directly Bone Marrow Dose Target area for leukemia Calculated from ESE Gonadal dose Target for genetic effects Easy to measure or estimate

Average Fluoroscopy Patient Dose The patient dose for an average fluoroscopy exam is: On the next slide, compare patient dose according to radiography exam to the amount of radiation received during a fluoroscopic exam. Comparatively speaking, fluoroscopic exams can render higher patient doses. Fluoro exam ESE of 4 R/min Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

X-Ray Exams and Patient Dose Technique (kVp/mAs) ESE (mR) Mean Marrow Dose (mrad) Gonad Dose (mrad) Skull 76/50 200 10 <1 Chest 110/3 2 C-Spine 70/40 150 L-Spine 72/60 300 60 225 KUB 74/60 400 30 125 Pelvis 70/50 20 Extremity 60/5 50 CT Head 125/300 3000 CT Pelvis 124/400 4000 100

Practices to Reduce Patient Dose Use high kVp/low mA techniques. Use fast screens. Position patient to avoid gonadal exposure. Use lead shielding. Contact, Gonadal, and Shadow Shielding