How does respiration work??

Define: CELLULAR RESPIRATION ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION AEROBIC RESPRIATION ANAEROBE AEROBE

Has no respiratory system !

Cell Energy Energy is essential for life Active transport, cell division, flagella movement, protein production Some capture energy from light or chemicals Autotrophs Others eat those that capture energy heterotrophs

So Where Is Energy Found? Energy is stored in chemical bonds of ATP Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine molecule with three phosphate groups Energy carrier molecule of the cell

Question…? How do you release the energy stored in the bonds?

Answer Break the bond!

Energy is Stored in the BOND!

Forming and Breaking Down ATP Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ATP  ADP + P + Energy Energy + P + ADP  ATP

What is Cellular Respiration? The release of chemical energy for use by cells. Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism. This process is cellular respiration.

Describe Cellular Respiration 1. The breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy 2. Takes place in all living things 3. Is a step by step process

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?

EQUATION FOR RESPIRATION CARBON DIOXIDE ATP GLUCOSE C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY OXYGEN WATER

Cellular Respiration Process by which mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP Three Stages Glycolysis – Anaerobic Citric Acid Cycle – Aerobic Electron Transport Chain - Aerobic

Glycolysis Net gain = 2 ATP Glucose gets broken into two three carbon pyruvic acids 2 ATP used to start this reaction Reaction produces 4 ATP Net gain = 2 ATP NAD+ = electron carrier = NADH when it accepts two electrons

Pyruvic molecules move into Mitochondria IF OXYGEN IS PRESENT then the Citric Acid cycle takes place Pyruvic acid loses one carbon (CO2) Combines with Coenzyme A to create Acetyl-CoA

Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)

Electron Transport Chain

Fermentation Net Gain = 2 ATP Times when there is not enough oxygen to do Citric Acid Cycle Net Gain = 2 ATP Two major types Lactic Acid Alcoholic

Respiration CYTOPLASM GLYCOLOSIS HAPPENS HERE! CO2 IS RELEASED PROTEINS CARBO’S (SUGARS) FATS (LIPIDS) GLUCOSE C6H12O6 AMINO ACIDS MAKES 2 ATPS GLYCOLOSIS IN CYTOPLASM NO OXYGEN! ATP TOTALS GLYCOLOSIS=2 RESPIRATION=34 BOTH=36! PYRUVIC ACID CO2 IS RELEASED ACETYL-CoA O2 ENTERS HERE KREBS CYCLE AND ELECTRON TANSPORT MAKES 34 ATPS MITOCHONDRIA RESPIRATION HAPPENS IN THIS ORGANELLE!

The End