This pV–diagram shows two ways to take a system from state a (at lower left) to state c (at upper right): • via state b (at upper left), or • via state.

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This pV–diagram shows two ways to take a system from state a (at lower left) to state c (at upper right): • via state b (at upper left), or • via state d (at lower right) For which path is W > 0? A. path abc only B. path adc only C. both path abc and path adc D. neither path abc nor path adc E. The answer depends on what the system is made of.

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/states-of-matter-basics

A system can be taken from state a to state b along any of the three paths shown in the PV–diagram. Along which path is the value W the greatest? A. path 1 B. path 2 C. path 3 D. |Q| is the same for all three paths. E. not enough information given to decide

A system can be taken from state a to state b along any of the three paths shown in the PV–diagram. If state b has greater internal energy than state a, along which path is the value Q of the heat transfer the greatest? A. path 1 B. path 2 C. path 3 D. |Q| is the same for all three paths. E. not enough information given to decide

A19.1 A system can be taken from state a to state b along any of the three paths shown in the pV–diagram. If state b has greater internal energy than state a, along which path is the absolute value |Q| of the heat transfer the greatest? A. path 1 B. path 2 C. path 3 D. |Q| is the same for all three paths. E. not enough information given to decide

Q19.2 A system can be taken from state a to state b along any of the three paths shown in the pV–diagram. If state b has greater internal energy than state a, along which path is there a net flow of heat out of the system? A. path 1 B. path 2 C. path 3 D. all of paths 1, 2, and 3 E. none of paths 1, 2, or 3

A19.2 A system can be taken from state a to state b along any of the three paths shown in the pV–diagram. If state b has greater internal energy than state a, along which path is there a net flow of heat out of the system? A. path 1 B. path 2 C. path 3 D. all of paths 1, 2, and 3 E. none of paths 1, 2, or 3

A19.3 This pV–diagram shows two ways to take a system from state a (at lower left) to state c (at upper right): • via state b (at upper left), or • via state d (at lower right) For which path is W > 0? A. path abc only B. path adc only C. both path abc and path adc D. neither path abc nor path adc E. The answer depends on what the system is made of.

In an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas, the amount of heat that flows into the gas A. is greater than the amount of work done by the gas. B. equals the amount of work done by the gas. C. is less than the amount of work done by the gas, but greater than zero. D. is zero. E. is negative (heat flows out of the gas).

For this complete cycle, An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For this complete cycle, A. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU = 0. B. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU > 0. C. Q = 0, W > 0, and DU < 0. D. Q = 0, W < 0, and DU > 0. E. Q > 0, W = 0, and DU > 0.

A19.5 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For this complete cycle, A. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU = 0. B. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU > 0. C. Q = 0, W > 0, and DU < 0. D. Q = 0, W < 0, and DU > 0. E. Q > 0, W = 0, and DU > 0.

Q19.6 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For process a  b, A. Q > 0 and ∆U > 0. B. Q > 0 and ∆U = 0. C. Q = 0 and ∆U > 0. D. Q = 0 and ∆U < 0. E. Q < 0 and ∆U < 0.

A19.6 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For process a  b, A. Q > 0 and ∆U > 0. B. Q > 0 and ∆U = 0. C. Q = 0 and ∆U > 0. D. Q = 0 and ∆U < 0. E. Q < 0 and ∆U < 0.

Q19.7 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For process b  c, A. Q > 0 and ∆U > 0. B. Q > 0 and ∆U = 0. C. Q = 0 and ∆U > 0. D. Q = 0 and ∆U < 0. E. Q < 0 and ∆U < 0.

A19.7 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For process b  c, A. Q > 0 and ∆U > 0. B. Q > 0 and ∆U = 0. C. Q = 0 and ∆U > 0. D. Q = 0 and ∆U < 0. E. Q < 0 and ∆U < 0.

Q19.8 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For process c  a, A. Q > 0 and ∆U > 0. B. Q > 0 and ∆U = 0. C. Q = 0 and ∆U > 0. D. Q = 0 and ∆U < 0. E. Q < 0 and ∆U < 0.

A19.8 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to b to c and back to a. Process b  c is isothermal. For process c  a, A. Q > 0 and ∆U > 0. B. Q > 0 and ∆U = 0. C. Q = 0 and ∆U > 0. D. Q = 0 and ∆U < 0. E. Q < 0 and ∆U < 0.

Q19.9 An ideal gas begins in a thermodynamic state a. When the temperature of the gas is raised from T1 to a higher temperature T2 at a constant volume, a positive amount of heat Q12 flows into the gas. If the same gas begins in state a and has its temperature raised from T1 to T2 at a constant pressure, the amount of heat that flows into the gas is A. greater than Q12. B. equal to Q12. C. less than Q12, but greater than zero. D. zero. E. negative (heat flows out of the system).

A19.9 An ideal gas begins in a thermodynamic state a. When the temperature of the gas is raised from T1 to a higher temperature T2 at a constant volume, a positive amount of heat Q12 flows into the gas. If the same gas begins in state a and has its temperature raised from T1 to T2 at a constant pressure, the amount of heat that flows into the gas is A. greater than Q12. B. equal to Q12. C. less than Q12, but greater than zero. D. zero. E. negative (heat flows out of the system).

An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to c to b and back to a. Process c  b is adiabatic. For process c  b, A. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU = 0. B. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU > 0. C. Q = 0, W > 0, and DU < 0. D. Q = 0, W < 0, and DU > 0. E. Q < 0, W < 0, and DU = 0.

A19.10 An ideal gas is taken around the cycle shown in this pV–diagram, from a to c to b and back to a. Process c  b is adiabatic. For process c  b, A. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU = 0. B. Q > 0, W > 0, and DU > 0. C. Q = 0, W > 0, and DU < 0. D. Q = 0, W < 0, and DU > 0. E. Q < 0, W < 0, and DU = 0.

Q19.11 When an ideal gas is allowed to expand isothermally from volume V1 to a larger volume V2, the gas does an amount of work equal to W12. If the same ideal gas is allowed to expand adiabatically from the same initial state with volume V1 to a larger volume V2, the gas does an amount of work that is A. equal to W12. B. less than W12. C. greater than W12. D. either A., B., or C., depending on the ratio of V2 to V1.

A19.11 When an ideal gas is allowed to expand isothermally from volume V1 to a larger volume V2, the gas does an amount of work equal to W12. If the same ideal gas is allowed to expand adiabatically from volume V1 to a larger volume V2, the gas does an amount of work that is A. equal to W12. B. less than W12. C. greater than W12. D. either A., B., or C., depending on the ratio of V2 to V1.