DISASTER MANAGEMENT AN OVERVIEW

Society CYCLONE Damage Potential Poorer than before Elements at Risk Disruption of Normal life & Development Suffers If you look at the right half of the slide you will find that the damage potential in the hazard causes the damages to the society Life comes to a halt and the poorer sections of the society can never recover to the pre-disaster causes serious disruption to life of the society But with awareness and preparation through action plans the society suffers less damages and is thus a more stable society.to recover faster. Huge Losses/ Damages

Society HAZARD Action Plans Damage Potential Quicker Recovery Awareness- Effect on Elements Quicker Recovery Society Action Plans Elements at Risk Communities More Resilient If you look at the right half of the slide you will find that the damage potential in the hazard causes the damages to the society Life comes to a halt and the poorer sections of the society can never recover to the pre-disaster causes serious disruption to life of the society But with awareness and preparation through action plans the society suffers less damages and is thus a more stable society.to recover faster. Huge Losses/ Damages More Stable Society Reduced Losses

HAZARD Damage Potential Elements at Risk Societal Elements Unsecured personal assets Livelihood tools / Equipment Public Infrastructure Agri. & Horticultural crops Weak Buildings Huts & Semi-permanent Houses People & Live-stock Societal Elements Slopes of hills Sea & Sea-coast Low-lying Areas River/Stream Banks Natural Features If you look at the right half of the slide you will find that the damage potential in the hazard causes the damages to the society Life comes to a halt and the poorer sections of the society can never recover to the pre-disaster causes serious disruption to life of the society But with awareness and preparation through action plans the society suffers less damages and is thus a more stable society.to recover faster.

Scale of Disaster Hazard X Vulnerability = Disaster Is Dependent on : Lead Time Available. Intensity of Hazard. Duration. Spatial Extent. Density of Population & Assets. Time of Occurrence. Vulnerabilities existing in the Elements at Risk. Hazard X Vulnerability = Disaster

ELEMENTS AT RISK People Livestock Rural Housing Stock Houses Vulnerable Crops, Trees,Telephone, Electric poles Boats, Looms, Working Implements Personal Property Electricity, Water and Food Supplies Infrastructure Support

AIMS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT Reduce (Avoid, if possible) the potential losses from hazards. Assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims when necessary. Achieve rapid and durable recovery.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE PRE-DISASTER     DURING DISASTER Preparation Emergency Phase Rescue & Relief Normal Phase POST- DISASTER Rehabilitation Mitigation Reconstruction Integration into NDP*    

Stages of Disaster Cyclone BEFORE DURING AFTER Jan - Apr MAY June- Oct Well Before Weeks-Months Just Before - Hours Actual Time Period Rescue Rehabilitation Relief Reconstruction

Role Players in Disasters People : Individuals, House -Holds, Volunteers Gram Panchayat : Sarpanch, Panchayati Secretary, Panchayati Members Village Elders : Caste/Community/Religious Leaders, Teachers, Doctors, Engineers, Retired Army & Police Personnel Govt. Deptl. Officers : Agriculture, Medical, Engineers (Housing, Roads & Buildings, Irrigation) Revenue Department, Public Health, Police etc. NGOs

DEFINITIONS OF “VULNERABILITY” “The extent to which a community, structure, service or geographic area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of particular disaster hazard…” “Vulnerability is the propensity of things to be damaged by a hazard”.

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS Disaster preparedness aims at minimizing the adverse effects of a hazard - Through effective precautionary actions Ensure timely, appropriate and efficient organisation and delivery of emergency response following the impact of a disaster.

PREPAREDNESS Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping to include Resources. Assess strengthening requirements and execute. Funding for preparedness must be arranged. Peoples’ cooperation through Political leaders, elders, Volunteers and NGOs Create lead time by interpreting Warnings Plan to include movement of resources with time frame. Aim to reduce the destructive potential of cyclones, timely & appropriate relief to victims and quick & durable recovery

Disaster Preparedness Framework Rehearsals Public Education and Training Response Mechanisms Warning Systems Resource Base Information System Institutional Framework Planning Vulnerability Assessment COMPONENTS OF PREPAREDNESS

Disaster Response Activities Warning Evacuation/Mitigation Search and Rescue Assessment Emergency Relief Logistics and Supply Communication and information Management Survivor Response and coping Security EOC & coordination Expedite rehabilitation and reconstruction.

Floods and Water Hazards Elements at Risk Everything in the flood plain. Earthen or soluble structures Buried services and utilities Food stores Crops and livestock Main Mitigation Strategies. Land use control Engineering of strictures Elevation of structures Flood control structures Reforestation projects (watershed management)

Strong Winds Main Mitigation Strategies. Structural engineering measures. Planting of windbreaks. Elements at Risk Lightweight structures. Elevated utilities (Power and communication lines) Fishing boats and other maritime industries.