EXPANSIONISM or Imperialism AMERICA IN THE WORLD
JUSTIFICATIONS OF IMPERIALISM ECONOMIC INTELLECUTAL MILITARY
ECONOMIC MOTIVATIONS Big Business in support of foreign markets
Financial motivation
INTELLECTUAL JUSTIFICATIONS Social Darwinism (Herbert Spencer) –Americans had completed inward expansion to the West – so now it was time for overseas expansion.
Military Justifications Mahan’s – The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890) detailed the importance of sea power:
CUBA
CUBA AND WAR WITH SPAIN General Weyler
American involvement with Cuba Economic: Americans had 50 million $ invested in sugar.
Cuba: Destination Honeymoon
Mint Julep anyone?
Business of making sugar
Remapping . . .Deforestation
Importing Wood?
Jose Martin
Reconcentration camps in Cuba
Steps to Cuban Revolution Madrid promises reform American Business men like J.P. Morgan “believed that further talk with Spain would accomplish nothing.
THE MAINE
What happened to the Maine?
Funeral in Havana
War to Free Cuba Mixed emotions about going to war Anti-imperialists Imperialist view
NPR EXCITEMENT http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3
Anti-Imperialists
Anti-Imperialism
Andrew Carnegie – anti-imperialist
Blood Brothers
Today’s Connections
Imperialists?
Senators Henry Cabot Lodge and Albert Beveridge Many businessmen/bankers The Presidents – Cleveland, McKinley
THE LABOR UNION Labor – concerned about imperialism/but when war broke out – AFL supported war Not all Labor felt the same way . . .
Diplomatic Relations with Cuba TELLER AMENDMENT – Tell Her about it, Platt Amendment – Serve Cuba on a platter
Guantanamo Bay
Guantanamo Bay
Problems in Philippines Guerilla Warfare
General Arthur MacArthur
Emilo Aguinaldo y Famy
President McKinley There was nothing left for us to do but to take them all [the Philippine Islands] and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift, and civilize, and Christianize them.
“Kill everyone over Ten”
Mark Twain “We have pacified some thousands of the islanders and buried them; destroyed their fields; burned their villages, and turned their widows and orphans out-of-doors; furnished heartbreak by exile so some dozens of disagreeable patriots; . . . And so, by these Providences of God – and the phrase is the government’s not mine – we are a World Power.”
Music of the 1890s http://www.pbs.org/crucible/frames/_music.html
HAWAII Aloha!
Panama Canal
PANAMA CANAL Roosevelt desperately wanted a canal to connect the oceans. Secretary of State Hay negotiated with Great Britain to let us do what we wanted w/out getting involved. Colombia wanted a ton of money for us to go in there and make a canal.. Senate at first refused. Panama conveniently staging a revolt against Columbia. Roosevelt recognized Panama’s new government right away – refused to let Columbians back in.
Open Door
To China
Roosevelt Corollary Caribbean Countries – impoverished and beholden to European creditors. U.S didn’t like this connection – thought it endangered the power of the Monroe Doctrine. U.S. made it clear that it would come into troubled American nations and set them straight (did so with Dominican Republic) Roosevelt Corollary – addition to Monroe Doctrine – U.S would be the international police power in the region.
Dollar Diplomacy A policy of influencing our American neighbors without physical control – but money control (Taft)