Internet2: building the Internet of the future today! Heather Boyles heather@internet2.edu This is a general overview presentation about Internet2. Internet2 is a consortium, led by US universities, which is recreating the partnership among academia, industry and government that fostered today’s Internet in its infancy. University of Puerto Rico Internet2 Day 20 April 2001

Outline What are we doing today on Internet2-class networks? What are the important areas of work that need to be done yet? Who’s working with Internet2? 2/22/2019

Background Internet2 project formed in 1996 by 34 U.S. universities Current members: 185 U.S. universities 70+ for-profit corporations 30+ not-for-profit organizations In close partnership with: U.S. government 30+ national networking organizations of other countries University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development (UCAID) is the non-profit corporate home of the Internet2 project 2/22/2019

Internet2 Goals Enable new generation of applications Re-create leading edge R&E network capability Ensure the rapid transfer of new network services and applications to the global Internet These are the three primary goals of Internet2. 2/22/2019

What are we doing today on Internet2-class networks? Infrastructure Status Advanced Services Deployment Middleware Deployment Applications in Use These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on. 2/22/2019

Infrastructure Overview Internet2 Interconnect Cloud GigaPoP One Regional Network University C Commercial Internet Connections University B University A This diagram illustrates a possible ways universities access the high-performance and commercial networks 2/22/2019

Infrastructure Details Local campus networks provide 100 Mbps to the desktop 181 Primary participants on Abilene today 20 Sponsored participants on Abilene today and 5 state k-12 networks coming ~30 on vBNS Approx. 25 GigaPoPs provide regional high-performance aggregation points Two Backbones operate at 2.4 Gbps (OC48) capacity today This is a broad generalization of the Internet2 network infrastructure. 2/22/2019

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Internet2 Backbone Networks This is an illustration of the (currently) two Internet2 backbone networks, the vBNS developed by MCI Worldcom and the National Science Foundation and Abilene, developed by the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development, Qwest, Cisco and Indiana University. Donna Cox, Robert Patterson, NCSA 2/22/2019

Abilene International Peering 26 October 2000 Abilene International Peering STTL CA*net3, (AARnet) APAN/TransPAC, Ca*net3, CERN, CERnet, IUCC, NORDUnet, RENATER, REUNA, SURFnet, SingAREN, SINET, TAnet2 , (ANSP, KOREN/KREONET2, RNP2) OC12 NYCM TEN-155*, JANET, NORDUnet, SURFnet CA*net3 (HEAnet, BELNET) SNVA GEMNET, (SINET) LOSA SingAREN, SINET (HARNET?) OC3-12 CALREN2 CUDI AmPATH (REUNA, RNP2, RETINA?) UT El Paso (CUDI) 2/22/2019 * ARNES, BELNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, HEAnet, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS

Advanced Services Deployment Native multicast IPv6 Quality of Service These are some of the new network capabilities that advanced networks will need to implement and which the Internet2 community is working on. 2/22/2019

Native Multicast 2/22/2019

Native Multicast 2/22/2019

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IPv6 Ipv6 topology map of Abilene 2/22/2019

Quality of Service Based on IETF standards DiffServ model Abilene Premium Service in operation QBone Inter-domain QoS 2/22/2019

Advanced Network Services (Distributed Network Middleware) } Applications Advanced Network Services (Distributed Network Middleware) eduPerson Advanced Physical Network Infrastructure 2/22/2019

Internet2 Applications Sciences Arts Humanities Health care Business/Law Administration … Instruction Collaboration Streaming video Distributed computation Data mining Virtual reality Digital libraries … http://dast.nlanr.net/Clearinghouse/clearing_main.htm 2/22/2019

Digital Video Applications Up to broadcast quality videoconferencing Both live distribution and on-demand access to a variety of content HDTV-based digital cinema, network-based studio production, … 2/22/2019

Access Grid www.accessgrid.org (Argonne Nat’l Lab) Pervasive room based environment for collaboration SCGlobal Nov2001 Each AG node costs around $50,000 and consists of four PCs, echo cancellation device, camera, mics, speakers, and projectors 2/22/2019

Music Teaching University of Oklahoma 2/22/2019

Classroom to Classroom Collaboration National University of Singapore (NUS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 2/22/2019

Remote Scanning Electron Microscope Philips XL30 University of Michigan 2/22/2019

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Distributed nanoManipulator University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill 2/22/2019

Remote Instruments Keck Observatory – UC Santa Cruz 2/22/2019

Source: University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Video Futures Tele-immersive “Office of the Future” Source: University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill 2/22/2019

Earth Observation Distributed system to search, access and visualize satellite remote sensing data for Global Change research E.g. Global Observation of Forest Cover Forest fire mapping and monitoring Forest cover characteristics and changes Forest biophysical functioning CEOS (39 members, 20+ countries) US – NASA, NOAA 2/22/2019

Distributed Computing and Data Resources DNA data overwhelming computing power available locally Utilize globally distributed collection of computational nodes Indiana University, National University of Singapore and ACSys CRC in Australia http://www.indiana.edu/~rac/hpc/cp.html 2/22/2019

Virtual Laboratories Large Hadron Collidor CERN Here are pictures of various applications already in use: 1) the Upper Atmosphere research Collaboratory (UARC) developed at the University of Michigan--allows researchers access to data from instruments in Greenland w/o having to travel there, and allows them to discuss and interact in real time. This applications allows access to broader audience, including the second-order affect of enabling graduate students (who would never have been able to go to Greenland) to look in on research. 2&3) Pictures of a the output from a scanning electron microscope--allows access to expensive, specialized equipment by students--allows them to control in the microscope and see the output as if they were in the same room --These both require advanced network capabilities to work--either don’t work, or won’t work well on today’s internet. CERN Photos 2/22/2019

What are the important areas in which work needs to be done yet?

End to End Performance When it’s built, can it deliver? Ensure that the infrastructure is delivering to its full potential Design Team whitepaper www.internet2.edu/e2eperf 2/22/2019

End-to-End (e2e) Performance Initiative Human to Human Collaboration Experience User perception EYEBALL Application CORE APPLICATION Operating system Host IP stack STACK Host network card Local Area Network (LAN) JACK Campus backbone network Campus connection to regional network/GigaPoP GigaPoP connection to Internet2 national backbone International connections 2/22/2019

Further development of advanced services QoS Premium service – bandwidth broker Scavenger service – less than best efforts For large file transfers? IPv6 Deployment in Asia outpacing US How to incent campuses to deploy and developers to write applications for it? Middleware Services Shibboleth: built on eduPerson attributes 2/22/2019

Making applications components easier to use Internet2 commons To encourage and support large-scale, distributed collaboration for the research and education community We use several, mostly incompatible, video conferencing technologies H.323, Access Grid, VRVS (Virtual Room Videoconf. System), MPEG1 & 2, DV over Firewire, HDTV Share information about recommended uses Decision tree: room-based vs. desktop-based, video quality levels, multicast vs. unicast, … Initial Commons H.323 service (based on ViDe architecture) 2/22/2019

Upgrading the Plumbing National backbones Optical networking - amplification and regeneration GigaPoPs Regional fiber initiatives Campuses Ubiquity (wireless) and high performance (wired) 2/22/2019

Campus and Gigapop Aggressive period of fiber construction on the national & metro scales Every conceivable right-of-way being explored and/or excavated Many campuses and GigaPoPs have or are pursuing fiber University of Washington metro fiber project CENIC Optical Networking Initiative 2/22/2019

What about the backbone? Abilene – April, 2001 Inflection point in network development OC-48c (2.5 Gbps) IP-over-SONET backbone 52 current and pending connections in 33 states Two OC-48c connections: P/NW and SoX 16 connections at OC-12c or higher 185 participants in 48 states and D.C. Ongoing strong partnership Cisco, Nortel, Qwest, Indiana Univ., ITECs (NC and OH) Increasing backbone utilization Characteristic exponential growth 622mbps (OC-12c) peak utilization on some links Traffic doubling time: 7 months 2/22/2019

Abilene weather map 2/22/2019

New roles for the backbone? 2/22/2019

Who’s working with Internet2?

International MoU Partners AAIREP (Australia) APAN (Asia-Pacific) APAN-KR (Korea) ARNES (Slovenia) BELNET (Belgium) CANARIE (Canada) CARNET (Croatia) CESnet (Czech Republic) CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China) CUDI (Mexico) DANTE (Europe) DFN-Verein (Germany) GIP RENATER (France) GRNET (Greece) HEAnet (Ireland) HUNGARNET (Hungary) INFN-GARR (Italy) Israel-IUCC (Israel) JAIRC (Japan) JUCC (Hong Kong) NORDUnet (Nordic countries) POL-34 (Poland) RCCN (Portugal) RedIRIS (Spain) RESTENA (Luxembourg) RETINA (Argentina) REUNA (Chile) RNP2 (Brazil) SENACYT (Panama) SingAREN (Singapore) Stichting SURF (Netherlands) SWITCH (Switzerland) TAnet2 (Taiwan) TERENA (Europe) JISC/UKERNA (UK) - obviously varying ways in which higher education and its networking services are organized around the world, but most of these are the organizations and/or networks that serve all of higher ed. In their respective countries 2/22/2019

www.internet2.edu/international 2/22/2019

arena.internet2.edu ARENA Atlas of research and education network maps Contact information Topology, logical, multicast, etc. maps NSF-funded 2/22/2019

Internet2 Corporate Partners 3Com Advanced Network & Services Alcatel Ameritech AT&T Cabletron Systems Cisco Systems IBM ITC^Deltacom Lucent Technologies Marconi WorldCom Microsoft Newbridge Networks Netcom Systems Nortel Networks Qwest Communications SBC Communications WCI Cable This is the latest list of Internet2 Corporate Partners. Corporate partners have committed to providing over US$1million in support of collaborations with Internet2 universities. 2/22/2019

Corporate Partner Activities Qwest, Nortel, Cisco – Abilene AT&T – PKI Labs IBM – Shibboleth New content providers – solicitation 2/22/2019

U.S. Government NSF’s Advanced Networking Infrastructure and Research division Strategic Technologies for the Internet Middleware Services High Performance Network Connections Targeted at smaller colleges 2/22/2019

Rest of education community Sponsored Participation Sponsored Educational Group Participation First five state networks of K-12 connecting to Abilene State and national organizations interested in advanced networking for K-12 gathering steam Vast teaching and learning possibilities 2/22/2019

www.internet2.edu