Roof Savings Calculator Overview Joshua New, Ph.D. Whole Building and Community Integration Group Building Technologies Research and Integration Center (BTRIC) Oak Ridge National Laboratory Joseph W. Mellott Director of Business Development The Garland Company Cleveland, Ohio

2Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Buildings use a lot of energy US has 5% of the worlds population and uses 19% of global energy production DOE Goal: By 2030, buildings should use 50% less energy than 2010 baseline Figure 1. U.S. Primary energy consumption, 2006 Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September 2008.

3Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Figure 2. Residential energy loads attributed to envelope and windows Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September Figure 3. Commercial energy loads attributed to envelope and windows Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September 2008.

4Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy COMPUTER TOOL FOR SIMULATING COOL ROOFS INDUSTRY COLLABORATIVE R&D Marc LaFrance DOE BT LBNL R. Levinson, H. Gilbert, H. Akbari Chris Scruton CEC A. Desjarlais, W. Miller, J. New ORNL WBT Joe Huang, Ender Erdem Roof Savings Calculator (RSC)

5Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy AtticSim (Attic Simulation) Model Roof & Attic Energy Balance ASTM C Standard For Estimating Heat Gain or Loss Through Ceilings Under Attics CEC PIER: Demonstrations Ft Irwin, US Army Miller et al. (2007), Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Roofs with Above-Sheathing Ventilation. in Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Buildings, X, proceedings of ASHRAE THERM X, Clearwater, FL., Dec Petrie, T. W., K. E. Wilkes Effect of Radiant Barriers and Attic Ventilation on Residential Attics and Attic Duct Systems: New Tools for Measuring and Modeling, ASHRAE Trans., vol. 104,

6Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Attic Thermodynamics

7Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy AtticSim Benchmark at Ft Irwin Miller, W Field experiments to evaluate cool-colored roofing. Task CEC milestone report.

8Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy DOE-2.1E Whole Building Simulation Program User Interface LOADS SYSTEMS Input PLANT ECON Hourly weather Heat gains and losses Distribution of heating and cooling Production of heating and cooling Life-cycle cost analysis Building description Outputs energy use and costs, indoor conditions, etc. LOADS SYSTEMS PLANT

9Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 9 Roof Savings Calculator Replaces: EPA Roof Comparison Calc DOE Cool Roof Calculator Minimal questions (<20) Only location is required Building America defaults Help links for unknown information

10Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 10 Roof Savings Calculator Building Details HVAC efficiency and utility prices Roof and Attic Information (base vs. comp) Reports energy and cost savings DOE-2.1E+AtticSim

11Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Residential Office Big Box Retail Warehouse Current building types Torcellini et al. 2008, DOE Commercial Building Benchmark Models, NREL/CP , National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO.

12Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy AtticSim DOE-2

13Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 13 Roof Savings Calculator

14Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 14 Roof Savings Calculator

15Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 15 Roof Savings Calculator

16Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 16 Roof Savings Calculator

17Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 17 Roof Savings Calculator

18Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 18 Roof Savings Calculator

19Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy 19 RoofCalc.com Impact Average: 86 visitors/day 50,000+ web simulations, 150+ user feedback, 3+ million analysis runs

20Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy HPC used to verify building simulation engine of tool enabling industry promotion of energy efficiency Leveraging HPC resources to facilitate deployment of building energy efficiency technologies DOE: Office of Science CEC & DOE EERE: BTO Industry & Building Owners Roof Savings Calculator (RSC) web site/service developed and validated [estimates energy cost savings of improvements to flat or sloped roofs for any existing condition or climate] Industry partners install roofs/mo, is integrating RSC into their proposal generating system (others expected to follow) AtticSim DOE-2 Engine (AtticSim/DOE-2) debugged using HPC Science assets enabling visual analytics on 3x(10) 6 simulations Potential cumulative savings Gwh/yr ($1.6 billion/yr)

21Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Goal Establish a geographic SRI Model that will establish the optimum substrate SRI for each locale based on credible validated date. Run the calculator backwards.

22Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Study Parameters Standard Building – 40,000 square feet – Office Building – Medium Selected for all toggles – Actual Energy Costs from Each City Used – R-19 as Insulating Factors – Heating by Fuel – Cooling by Electric

23Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Study Parameters – Cities (14) Selected Location Electricity, cents/kWh Gas, $/1000ft 3 New York Los Angeles Chicago Houston Miami Phoenix Kansas City Minneapolis San Francisco Austin Atlanta Baltimore Fargo Fairbanks

24Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Study Parameters – Substrates (23) Selected DescriptionReflectanceEmissivitySRI BUR No Coating10906 Mineral Mod Bit Single Ply Mineral Mod Bit Metal Aluminum Coating over BUR Mineral Mod Bit Coating over BUR Metal Aluminum Coating over BUR Mineral Mod Bit Coating over BUR Metal Single Ply Aluminum Coating over BUR Metal (White)7085 Coating over BUR (White) Single Ply (White) Coating over BUR (White) Mineral Mod Bit (White) Single Ply (White) Coating over BUR (White) Single Ply (White)

25Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Compared with… All Substrates were compared with – 5% Reflective – 0.90 Emissivity – BUR Roof

26Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Disclaimer While DOE-2.1E] and AtticSim ASTM Standard C have been validated with comparison to empirical data, the integrated RSC engine has not. Furthermore, it is known to have discrepancies with previous cool roofing studies based on engines that didnt incorporate heat transfer through radiation within the attic assembly that is yet to be reconciled.

27Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

28Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results – Not Surprising

29Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results – Peak Modality

30Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results – Surprising

31Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

32Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

33Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

34Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Data taken from doe-1 calculator Changed Assumption R-15*

35Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results - Similarities Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI – Austin – Houston – Miami – Phoenix

36Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results – Similarities + Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI Cold Climates Showed Modality – Chicago – Fairbanks – Fargo – Minneapolis – San Francisco

37Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results – Switches Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI Cold Climates Showed Modality Climates Changed from a SRI Minimized Zone to a Maximized Zone – Atlanta – Baltimore – New York

38Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Results – Surprise Clearly Warm Climates Still Needed Maximized SRI Cold Climates Showed Modality Climates Changed from a SRI Minimized Zone to a Maximized Zone LA Showed a localized Maximum at 65 SRI

39Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

40Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Current Results

41Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Forward Effort More Data Model Validation Automate Reverse Modified Calculator

Thank You - Discussion