FOOD CHAINS TROPHIC LEVELS ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS

Keep in mind that the arrow tip always points towards the “eater”. FOOD CHAINS Food Chain: is a sequence of feeding relationships describing ______ ___________________. which organism eats another and how energy is moving The ____ is the ______________ for food chains. Sun source of energy eagle Keep in mind that the arrow tip always points towards the “eater”. snake eater frog grass- hopper grass food

FOOD CHAINS Label and write descriptions on your food chain diagram. There are different levels of consumers….. eagle Since they _______ make their own food, cannot they must eat or “________” other organisms. snake consume frog They form the _____ of all ________ food chains. basis grass- hopper terrestrial They use the energy in _______ to make their own food sunlight grass through a process called _____________. photosynthesis

FOOD CHAINS Top carnivore: any organism that is __________ by any other. not hunted It’s at the ___ of its food chain. top There are different levels of consumers….. eagle quaternary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats ________________. 4th tertiary consumers snake tertiary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats __________________. 3rd secondary consumers frog secondary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats ________________. 2nd primary consumers grass- hopper primary consumer The ___ consumer in a food chain. It eats _________. 1st producers grass

Let’s THINK

TROPHIC LEVELS Trophic Level: It is the _______ an organism occupies in a food chain. position Each ___ in the chain represents one trophic level. link grass grass- hopper frog snake eagle phytoplankton zooplankton small fish larger fish shark On land, the first trophic level begins with ______. plants In the water, the first trophic level begins with _____________. phytoplankton

TROPHIC LEVELS Trophic Level: It is the _______ an organism occupies in a food chain. position Each ___ in the chain represents one trophic level. link grass grass- hopper frog snake eagle phytoplankton zooplankton small fish larger fish shark 5th trophic level 4th trophic level 3rd trophic level 2nd trophic level 1st trophic level

TROPHIC LEVELS As organisms eat one another, ______ is transferred up the food chain. energy eagle 0.1 kcal However, as energy is moved from one trophic level to the next, only ___ % of the energy makes it to the next level. - 0.9 kcal 10 snake 1 kcal - 9 kcal This 10 % is used to build _______ biomass frog 10 kcal as well as to fuel ______________. bodily functions - 90 kcal This means that ___% of the energy is lost, 90 grass- hopper 100 kcal mostly in the form of _______ detritus heat - 900 kcal and as ____ from metabolic processes. grass 1000 kcal

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population Total energy present in tertiary consumers. 1) Pyramid of Energy: This pyramid indicates the amount of ______ that is present in each trophic level. energy Total energy present in secondary consumers. The amount of energy always _________ as you move up trophic levels. Total energy present in primary consumers. decreases Total energy present in producers.

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 1) Pyramid of Energy: This pyramid indicates the amount of ______ that is present in each trophic level. energy The amount of energy always _________ as you move up trophic levels. decreases

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 2) Pyramid of Biomass: Total biomass present in tertiary consumers. This pyramid indicates the amount of _______ that is present in each trophic level, in a given area. biomass Total biomass present in secondary consumers. Biomass is the amount of _________ (without water) within organisms. dry matter Total biomass present in primary consumers. On land, the amount of biomass _________ as you move up trophic levels. decreases Total biomass present in producers.

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 2) Pyramid of Biomass: This pyramid indicates the amount of _______ that is present in each trophic level, in a given area. biomass Biomass is the amount of _________ (without water) within organisms. dry matter On land, the amount of biomass _________ as you move up trophic levels. decreases

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 2) Pyramid of Biomass: Total biomass present in tertiary consumers. In the water, the amount of biomass ________ as you move up trophic levels, increases Total biomass present in secondary consumers. creating an _______ pyramid. inverted This is only possible because the reproductive rate of the organisms ________ as you go down trophic levels. Total biomass present in primary consumers. increases Total biomass present in phytoplankton.

Total population of primary consumers. Total population of producers. ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 3) Pyramid of Numbers: Total population of tertiary consumers. This pyramid indicates the _________ of individuals at each trophic level. population Total population of secondary consumers. The typical pyramid of numbers _________ as you move up trophic levels. decreases Total population of primary consumers. This occurs when many _____ and _________ producers feed a ______ number of consumers. small numerous smaller Total population of producers.

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 3) Pyramid of Numbers: This pyramid indicates the _________ of individuals at each trophic level. population The typical pyramid of numbers _________ as you move up trophic levels. decreases This occurs when many _____ and _________ producers feed a ______ number of consumers. small numerous smaller

Total population of primary consumers. ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 3) Pyramid of Numbers: Total population of tertiary consumers. However, when the producers are ____ , and are _____ in number than the primary consumers, large fewer Total population of secondary consumers. the pyramid looks like this. Total population of primary consumers. Give an example of the kind of producers that would result in this type of pyramid. Total population of producers.

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMIDS Ecological Pyramids: These are diagrams that represent each trophic level according to its ______ , _______ or _________. energy biomass population 3) Pyramid of Numbers: However, when the producers are ____ , and are _____ in number than the primary consumers, large fewer the pyramid looks like this. Give an example of the kind of producers that would result in this type of pyramid.

The End!