Federalism The division of power between a central government and lower governments (local & state governments)

You know federal law says… All young men have to register for military service at age 18. Most employers pay a minimum wage. No person can be denied a job based on their race or ethnicity.

You also know state law says… You need to have a drivers license to operate a motor vehicle. You must be 21 or older to purchase alcohol Only those meeting certain requirements can own firearms.

You even know local law says… When you can or cannot burn trash. How late you can have a party before you violate a noise ordinance. What tags your dogs need to have.

1. Expressed Powers These powers are stated in the constitution (Article 1, Section 8) Gives federal government 27 powers which include things like: tax, print money, regulate interstate commerce, declare war, control armed forces, etc etc.

2. Implied Powers Not specifically stated in the constitution but reasonably suggested by the expressed powers

Where do the implied powers come from? Art 1, Sec 8, Clause 18 Congress has the power: “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers and all other powers vested by this Constitution.” This is sometimes called the elastic clause.

3. Inherent Powers Powers that belong to the government because it is in charge of the country. Or These powers exist because the USA exists. Powers include: regulate immigration, deport illegal aliens, acquire territory, grant diplomatic recognition, protect the country from rebellion

To Keep the Peace… Article 1, Section 9 limits the actions of the federal government Article 1, Section 10 limits state governments This way no one government becomes too powerful and balance can be kept