Social Studies 9 Ms. Underwood

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Presentation transcript:

Social Studies 9 Ms. Underwood The English Civil War Social Studies 9 Ms. Underwood

What’s Happening Here? What is going on? What led to these actions?

Reasons for the English Civil War In 1603, Elizabeth died. She never married, so there were no heirs to continue the Tudor Dynasty. Mary Stuart’s son James I became the King of England — started Stuart Dynasty in England.

The Royal Bloodline

Reasons for the English Civil War Queen Elizabeth recognized the importance of working with Parliament James I did not; believed he should be absolute monarch because of Divine Right (God chooses royal families to rule) James I did not listen to Parliament Major problems between Parliament & King over issues of Authority, Money, & Religion

Problems Between the King and Parliament Authority James I believed in divine right and absolutism Parliament felt king should be limited by Parliament Money James I has to ask Parliament for money to finance government and life style

What is the Divine Right of Kings? The divine right of kings or divine right is a political and religious doctrine of royal and political legitimacy. It asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority, deriving the right to rule directly from the will of God.

Problems Between the King and Parliament Religion Puritans were members of the Anglican Church who wanted all Catholic rituals removed Puritans were active members of Parliament & were angered when James I arranged marriage of son (Charles) to a Catholic princess

Reasons for the English Civil War When James I died in 1625, his son Charles I became king Charles was “worse” than James: Charles believed in divine right & absolute monarchy Refused to discuss ideas with Parliament—only called Parliament when he needed money

Charles I (1600-1649)

Reasons for the English Civil War Parliament got fed up with Charles I & refused to give him money unless he signed Petition of Rights in 1628: King could not jail people without a good reason King could not make taxes without Parliament's approval King could not keep his soldiers in peoples’ homes & could not use army to maintain order during peacetime

The Beginning of War Charles I was really mad at Parliament & refused to call another Parliament for 11 years until he needed money to end revolts in Ireland & Scotland Conflict between supporters of King (Royalists/Cavaliers) & Parliament grew so bad that a civil war was inevitable

The Civil War War between Cavaliers (Royalists) vs Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) Roundheads found a strong leader in Oliver Cromwell; Cromwell and Roundheads won & beheaded the king (1st public execution of a king)