Labor Movement.

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Presentation transcript:

Labor Movement

Essential Question What were the strategies used by organized labor and why were some strikes successful when others failed?

Major Causes of Strikes #1---Cuts in worker wages. Unsafe working conditions: No compensation for injury or death. Company towns. Management cheating: Piece work Mining scales

Knights of Labor founded in 1878 by Terrence V. Powderly membership open to all workers skilled & unskilled men & women all races, religions, & ethnic groups

Goals of Knights 8 hour day end to child labor end to convict labor equal pay for women & minorities safety codes for workplace nationalization of RR & telegraph

Haymarket Square, 1886 May Day demonstration for 8 hour day Strike at McCormick reaper factory, Chicago May 4th rally in Haymarket Square 3000 attend

Bomb thrown--7 policemen dead Police fire on crowd—12 dead Newspapers blame unions 8 anarchist arrested & charge with instigation 4 hanged, 1 suicide, 3 jailed then aquitted Destroyed Knights of Labor

United Mine Workers founded by John L Lewis Goals: 8 hour day end child labor in mines safety codes for mines health care for workers with “Black Lung”

IWW: Industrial Workers of the World (Wobblies) founded in 1905 lead by Big Bill Haywood also Joe Hill & Mary Harris “Mother” Jones revolutionaries Lawrence Textile Mill Strike “Bread & Roses”

AFL: American Federation of Labor founded 1881 by Samuel Gompers full-time union officials to... organize, negotiate, control strikes skilled workers only no women or minorities